Rightward brain structural asymmetry in young children with autism

IF 9.6 1区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Molecular Psychiatry Pub Date : 2025-01-15 DOI:10.1038/s41380-025-02890-9
Shujie Geng, Yuan Dai, Edmund T. Rolls, Yuqi Liu, Yue Zhang, Lin Deng, Zilin Chen, Jianfeng Feng, Fei Li, Miao Cao
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Abstract

To understand the neural mechanism of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and developmental delay/intellectual disability (DD/ID) that can be associated with ASD, it is important to investigate individuals at an early stage with brain, behavioural and also genetic measures, but such research is still lacking. Here, using the cross-sectional sMRI data of 1030 children under 8 years old, we employed developmental normative models to investigate the atypical development of gray matter volume (GMV) asymmetry in individuals with ASD without DD/ID, ASD with DD/ID and individuals with only DD/ID, and their associations with behavioral and clinical measures and transcription profiles. By extracting the individual deviations of patients from the typical controls with normative models, we found a commonly abnormal pattern of GMV asymmetry across all ASD children: more rightward laterality in the inferior parietal lobe and precentral gyrus, and higher individual variability in the temporal pole. Specifically, ASD with DD/ID children showed a severer and more extensive abnormal pattern in GMV asymmetry deviation values, which was linked with both ASD symptoms and verbal IQ. The abnormal pattern of ASD without DD/ID children showed higher and more extensive individual variability, which was linked with ASD symptoms only. DD/ID children showed no significant differences from healthy population in asymmetry. Lastly, the GMV laterality patterns of all patient groups were significantly associated with both shared and unique gene expression profiles. Our findings provide evidence for rightward GMV asymmetry of some cortical regions in young ASD children (1–7 years) in a large sample (1030 cases), show that these asymmetries are related to ASD symptoms, and identify genes that are significantly associated with these differences.

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自闭症儿童右脑结构不对称
为了了解自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)和与ASD相关的发育迟缓/智力残疾(DD/ID)的神经机制,研究早期个体的大脑、行为和遗传措施是很重要的,但这方面的研究仍然缺乏。本研究利用1030名8岁以下儿童的横断面sMRI数据,采用发育规范模型研究无DD/ID、有DD/ID和只有DD/ID的ASD个体灰质体积(GMV)不对称的非典型发育及其与行为、临床测量和转录谱的关系。通过从具有规范模型的典型对照中提取患者的个体偏差,我们发现所有ASD儿童GMV不对称的普遍异常模式:下顶叶和中央前回更右偏,颞极的个体差异更高。具体而言,伴有DD/ID的ASD患儿在GMV不对称偏差值上表现出更严重、更广泛的异常模式,这种异常模式与ASD症状和言语智商都有关联。无DD/ID儿童的ASD异常模式表现出更高和更广泛的个体差异,仅与ASD症状有关。DD/ID儿童在不对称性方面与健康人群无显著差异。最后,所有患者组的GMV偏侧模式都与共享和独特的基因表达谱显著相关。我们的研究结果在一个大样本(1030例)中为年轻ASD儿童(1-7岁)某些皮质区域的GMV向右不对称提供了证据,表明这些不对称与ASD症状有关,并确定了与这些差异显著相关的基因。
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来源期刊
Molecular Psychiatry
Molecular Psychiatry 医学-精神病学
CiteScore
20.50
自引率
4.50%
发文量
459
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Molecular Psychiatry focuses on publishing research that aims to uncover the biological mechanisms behind psychiatric disorders and their treatment. The journal emphasizes studies that bridge pre-clinical and clinical research, covering cellular, molecular, integrative, clinical, imaging, and psychopharmacology levels.
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