Scope of nursing practice in medical-surgical hospitalization and intensive care units

Amaia Saralegui-Gainza , Nelia Soto-Ruiz , Paula Escalada-Hernández , Cristina García-Vivar , Leticia San Martín-Rodríguez
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Abstract

Aim

To analyze the scope of nursing practice in medical-surgical and intensive care units in the Spanish context and its relationship with individual characteristics of nurses and their work environment.

Methods

A cross-sectional observational study was carried out in 29 medical-surgical hospitalisation units and five intensive care units for adults in the public network of Navarre. The main variable, nurses' scope of practice, was measured using the Spanish version of the D'Amour questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data, with a significance level of 0.05.

Results

A total of 310 nurses participated in the study, and the results showed acceptable levels of nursing scope of practice. Age and working in intensive care units were significant factors in identifying differences in nurses' scope of practice activities. The correlation analysis revealed a statistically significant association between age and the likelihood of expressing lower scores in the dimension "Patient- and family-centered care." In contrast, younger nurses exhibited significantly lower scores in the "Quality of care and patient safety" dimension.

Conclusions

To address the shortage of nurses in health systems, it is essential to understand the scope of nursing practice. The challenge is not only to increase the number of nurses but also to ensure that they are working in the full range of their professional roles.
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内科外科住院和重症监护病房的护理实践范围。
目的:分析西班牙背景下内科外科和重症监护病房的护理实践范围及其与护士个人特征和工作环境的关系。方法:在纳瓦拉公共网络的29个内科外科住院单位和5个成人重症监护单位进行横断面观察研究。主要变量是护士的执业范围,使用西班牙版的D' amour问卷进行测量。采用描述统计和推理统计对数据进行分析,显著性水平为0.05。结果:共有310名护士参与了研究,结果显示护理实践范围达到可接受水平。年龄和在重症监护室工作是确定护士实践活动范围差异的重要因素。相关分析显示,年龄与在“以病人和家庭为中心的护理”维度中表达较低得分的可能性之间存在统计学上显著的关联。相比之下,年轻护士在“护理质量和患者安全”维度上的得分明显较低。结论:为了解决卫生系统护士短缺的问题,了解护理实践的范围是至关重要的。我们面临的挑战不仅是增加护士的人数,而且还要确保她们在其专业角色的全部范围内工作。
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