Self-perceived impact of COVID-19 and risk behaviors among adolescents: Results from the HBSC 2021/22 study in 21 European countries

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Addictive behaviors Pub Date : 2024-12-30 DOI:10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108238

Paola Berchialla , Natale Canale , Biljana Kilibarda , Rosanna Irene Comoretto , Anna Alexandrova-Karamanova , Tibor Baška , Tom ter Bogt , Alessio Vieno , Lorena Charrier

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Abstract

Aims

To investigate adolescents’ perception of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on several aspects of their lives (mental health, well-being, family situation, peers, school, dieting, and physical activity) in relation to risk behaviors such as smoking, alcohol use, drunkenness, and cannabis use.

Methods

Data were used from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study conducted in 2021/2022, comprising 106,221 adolescents aged 11–15 (50.9% females) from 21 European countries. The data analysis plan involved Multilevel Generalized Latent Class Analysis (GLCA) models, latent class membership, and substance use behaviors, with alcohol consumption, smoking, drunkenness, and cannabis use as distal outcomes.

Findings

GLCA identified 14 % of the adolescents as negatively or very negatively impacted by the pandemic and 42 % with a positive or very positive impact. The remaining 44 % of adolescents were not attributed with either a negative or positive impact. In the first group, girls, older adolescents, and adolescents from less affluent families were overrepresented. The negatively impacted group was particularly prevalent (>25 %) in countries such as Hungary, Cyprus, Greece, and Poland. Negatively impacted adolescents exhibited a higher risk of smoking, drunkenness, and cannabis use compared to their peers in the positively impacted group after adjusting for sex, age, and family wealth.

Conclusions

Results of the 2021/22 HBSC study highlighted an elevated level of substance use among adolescents who perceived a stronger negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their lives. These findings indicate that the pandemic has put a particular strain on girls, older and less wealthy adolescents. They highlight the need for special attention and tailor-made interventions to deal with stressful future events that may impact on the life and mental health of these adolescents.

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青少年中COVID-19的自我感知影响和风险行为：来自21个欧洲国家的HBSC 2021/22研究结果

目的：调查青少年对COVID-19大流行对其生活的几个方面（心理健康、福祉、家庭状况、同伴、学校、饮食和身体活动）与吸烟、饮酒、醉酒和大麻使用等风险行为的影响的看法。方法：数据来自2021/2022年开展的学龄儿童健康行为（HBSC）研究，包括来自21个欧洲国家的106,221名11-15岁青少年（50.9%为女性）。数据分析计划涉及多层次广义潜在类别分析（GLCA）模型、潜在类别成员和物质使用行为，以饮酒、吸烟、醉酒和大麻使用为远端结果。调查结果：GLCA确定14%的青少年受到流行病的负面或非常负面的影响，42%的青少年受到积极或非常积极的影响。其余44%的青少年没有被归因于消极或积极的影响。在第一组中，女孩、年龄较大的青少年和来自较不富裕家庭的青少年比例过高。受负面影响的群体在匈牙利、塞浦路斯、希腊和波兰等国家尤为普遍（25%）。在调整了性别、年龄和家庭财富后，与积极影响组的同龄人相比，消极影响组的青少年吸烟、酗酒和吸食大麻的风险更高。结论：2021/22年HBSC研究的结果强调，青少年的物质使用水平升高，他们认为COVID-19大流行对他们的生活产生了更大的负面影响。这些调查结果表明，这一流行病对女孩、年龄较大和较不富裕的青少年造成了特别大的压力。他们强调需要特别关注和量身定制的干预措施，以处理可能影响这些青少年的生活和心理健康的未来压力事件。

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来源期刊

Addictive behaviors 医学-药物滥用

CiteScore

8.40

自引率

4.50%

发文量

283

审稿时长

46 days

期刊介绍： Addictive Behaviors is an international peer-reviewed journal publishing high quality human research on addictive behaviors and disorders since 1975. The journal accepts submissions of full-length papers and short communications on substance-related addictions such as the abuse of alcohol, drugs and nicotine, and behavioral addictions involving gambling and technology. We primarily publish behavioral and psychosocial research but our articles span the fields of psychology, sociology, psychiatry, epidemiology, social policy, medicine, pharmacology and neuroscience. While theoretical orientations are diverse, the emphasis of the journal is primarily empirical. That is, sound experimental design combined with valid, reliable assessment and evaluation procedures are a requisite for acceptance. However, innovative and empirically oriented case studies that might encourage new lines of inquiry are accepted as well. Studies that clearly contribute to current knowledge of etiology, prevention, social policy or treatment are given priority. Scholarly commentaries on topical issues, systematic reviews, and mini reviews are encouraged. We especially welcome multimedia papers that incorporate video or audio components to better display methodology or findings. Studies can also be submitted to Addictive Behaviors? companion title, the open access journal Addictive Behaviors Reports, which has a particular interest in ''non-traditional'', innovative and empirically-oriented research such as negative/null data papers, replication studies, case reports on novel treatments, and cross-cultural research.