Influence of core material and occlusal contact pattern on fatigue behavior of different monolithic ceramic crowns

IF 3.3 2区 医学 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.106891
Maria Gabriela Packaeser , Renan Vaz Machry , Elisa Donaria Aboucauch Grassi , Guilherme de Siqueira Ferreira Anzaloni Saavedra , Cornelis Johannes Kleverlaan , Luiz Felipe Valandro , João Paulo Mendes Tribst , Gabriel Kalil Rocha Pereira
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Abstract

This study evaluated the effect of substrate core materials and occlusal contact patterns on the fatigue mechanical behavior and stress distribution of single-unit ceramic crowns. One hundred and twenty monolithic crowns were fabricated from zirconia (YZ – IPS e.max ZirCAD, Ivoclar), lithium disilicate (LD – IPS e.max CAD, Ivoclar) and polymer infiltrated ceramic network (PICN – Enamic, Vita Zahnfabrik). The crowns were allocated considering two factors: 'substrate' (epoxy resin or cast Ni-Cr metal core) and 'occlusal contact pattern' (contact at the cusp ridges or cusp tips). The substrate models were design, milled and scanned to plan the restorations in a digital workflow. The crowns were milled, bonded to the substrates, and subjected to an accelerated fatigue test (100 N; 10,000 cycles/step; 20 Hz step-size: 100 N up to 1600 N, and after, 200 N until failure or survival at 2,800N; immersed in water). Statistical analyses were performed using two-way ANOVA, Tukey's post-hoc test, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis (α = 0.05) considering fatigue failure load and cycles for fatigue failure (FFL/CFF). Fractographic and finite element analysis (FEA) were carried out. The results indicate that the 'substrate' factor did not influence the mechanical behavior of YZ and LD monolithic crowns (p > 0.05). However, PICN crowns bonded to epoxy resin exhibited statistically superior results for FFL and CFF (p < 0.05) compared to Ni-Cr cores. Regarding the 'occlusal contact pattern' factor, YZ and LD exhibited higher mean FFL and CFF when associated with cusp tip contact compared to cusp ridge contact (p < 0.05), except for YZ bonded to the epoxy resin substrate (p > 0.05). No differences were detected for the 'occlusal contact' factor in PICN crowns (p > 0.05). The predominant failure was Hertzian cone cracks, regardless of the restorative material. Stress measurements showed higher stress peaks at the cusp ridges. The core material did not alter the fatigue mechanical behavior of YZ or LD crowns. However, the incidence of cusp ridge contacts in YZ or LD crown increases the risk of failure. Conversely, when using PICN crowns, a core with a more similar elastic modulus enhances mechanical behavior compared to a stiffer core, and no influence on the occlusal pattern was observed.
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核芯材料和咬合接触方式对不同整体陶瓷冠疲劳行为的影响。
本研究评估了基板芯材料和咬合接触方式对单单元陶瓷冠疲劳力学行为和应力分布的影响。用氧化锆(YZ - IPS e.max ZirCAD, Ivoclar)、二硅酸锂(LD - IPS e.max CAD, Ivoclar)和聚合物渗透陶瓷网络(PICN - Enamic, Vita Zahnfabrik)制备了120个单片冠。冠的分配考虑两个因素:“基板”(环氧树脂或铸造镍铬金属芯)和“咬合接触模式”(尖脊或尖尖接触)。通过设计、铣削和扫描基材模型,在数字工作流程中规划修复。对冠进行铣削,粘合到基体上,并进行加速疲劳试验(100n;10000次/步骤;20 Hz步长:100 N至1600 N, 200 N之后,直到在2,800N下失效或存活;浸入水中)。考虑疲劳失效载荷和疲劳失效周期(FFL/CFF),采用双因素方差分析、Tukey事后检验和Kaplan-Meier生存分析(α = 0.05)进行统计分析。进行了断口分析和有限元分析。结果表明,“基质”因素对YZ和LD全冠的力学行为没有影响(p < 0.05)。然而,与环氧树脂结合的PICN冠在FFL和CFF上表现出统计学上的优势(p 0.05)。PICN冠的“咬合接触”因子无差异(p < 0.05)。主要的破坏是赫兹锥裂纹,无论修复材料。应力测量显示,尖顶脊处应力峰值较高。芯材对YZ和LD冠的疲劳力学行为没有影响。然而,YZ或LD冠尖脊接触的发生率增加了失败的风险。相反,当使用PICN冠时,与更硬的核相比,具有更相似弹性模量的核增强了力学行为,并且没有观察到对咬合模式的影响。
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来源期刊
Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials
Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials 工程技术-材料科学:生物材料
CiteScore
7.20
自引率
7.70%
发文量
505
审稿时长
46 days
期刊介绍: The Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials is concerned with the mechanical deformation, damage and failure under applied forces, of biological material (at the tissue, cellular and molecular levels) and of biomaterials, i.e. those materials which are designed to mimic or replace biological materials. The primary focus of the journal is the synthesis of materials science, biology, and medical and dental science. Reports of fundamental scientific investigations are welcome, as are articles concerned with the practical application of materials in medical devices. Both experimental and theoretical work is of interest; theoretical papers will normally include comparison of predictions with experimental data, though we recognize that this may not always be appropriate. The journal also publishes technical notes concerned with emerging experimental or theoretical techniques, letters to the editor and, by invitation, review articles and papers describing existing techniques for the benefit of an interdisciplinary readership.
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