Soft X-ray prompt emission from the high-redshift gamma-ray burst EP240315a

IF 12.9 1区物理与天体物理 Q1 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS Nature Astronomy Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI:10.1038/s41550-024-02449-8

Y. Liu, H. Sun, D. Xu, D. S. Svinkin, J. Delaunay, N. R. Tanvir, H. Gao, C. Zhang, Y. Chen, X.-F. Wu, B. Zhang, W. Yuan, J. An, G. Bruni, D. D. Frederiks, G. Ghirlanda, J.-W. Hu, A. Li, C.-K. Li, J.-D. Li, D. B. Malesani, L. Piro, G. Raman, R. Ricci, E. Troja, S. D. Vergani, Q.-Y. Wu, J. Yang, B.-B. Zhang, Z.-P. Zhu, A. de Ugarte Postigo, A. G. Demin, D. Dobie, Z. Fan, S.-Y. Fu, J. P. U. Fynbo, J.-J. Geng, G. Gianfagna, Y.-D. Hu, Y.-F. Huang, S.-Q. Jiang, P. G. Jonker, Y. Julakanti, J. A. Kennea, A. A. Kokomov, E. Kuulkers, W.-H. Lei, J. K. Leung, A. J. Levan, D.-Y. Li, Y. Li, S. P. Littlefair, X. Liu, A. L. Lysenko, Y.-N. Ma, A. Martin-Carrillo, P. O’Brien, T. Parsotan, J. Quirola-Vásquez, A. V. Ridnaia, S. Ronchini, A. Rossi, D. Mata-Sánchez, B. Schneider, R.-F. Shen, A. L. Thakur, A. Tohuvavohu, M. A. P. Torres, A. E. Tsvetkova, M. V. Ulanov, J.-J. Wei, D. Xiao, Y.-H. I. Yin, M. Bai, V. Burwitz, Z.-M. Cai, F.-S. Chen, H.-L. Chen, T.-X. Chen, W. Chen, Y.-F. Chen, Y.-H. Chen, H.-Q. Cheng, B. Cordier, C.-Z. Cui, W.-W. Cui, Y.-F. Dai, Z.-G. Dai, J. Eder, R. A. J. Eyles-Ferris, D.-W. Fan, C. Feldman, H. Feng, Z. Feng, P. Friedrich, X. Gao, J.-F. Gonzalez, J. Guan, D.-W Han, J. Han, D.-J. Hou, H.-B. Hu, T. Hu, M.-H. Huang, J. Huo, I. Hutchinson, Z. Ji, S.-M. Jia, Z.-Q. Jia, B.-W. Jiang, C.-C. Jin, G. Jin, J.-J. Jin, A. Keereman, H. Lerman, J.-F. Li, L.-H. Li, M.-S. Li, W. Li, Z.-D. Li, T.-Y. Lian, E.-W. Liang, Z.-X. Ling, C.-Z. Liu, H.-Y. Liu, H.-Q. Liu, M.-J. Liu, Y.-R. Liu, F.-J. Lu, H.-J. Lü, L.-D. Luo, F. L. Ma, J. Ma, J.-R. Mao, X. Mao, M. McHugh, N. Meidinger, K. Nandra, J. P. Osborne, H.-W. Pan, X. Pan, M. E. Ravasio, A. Rau, N. Rea, U. Rehman, J. Sanders, A. Santovincenzo, L.-M. Song, J. Su, L.-J. Sun, S.-L. Sun, X.-J. Sun, Y.-Y. Tan, Q.-J. Tang, Y.-H. Tao, J.-Z. Tong, C.-Y. Wang, H. Wang, J. Wang, L. Wang, W.-X. Wang, X.-F. Wang, X.-Y. Wang, Y.-L. Wang, Y.-S. Wang, D.-M. Wei, R. Willingale, S.-L. Xiong, H.-T. Xu, J.-J. Xu, X.-P. Xu, Y.-F. Xu, Z. Xu, C.-B. Xue, Y.-L. Xue, A.-L. Yan, F. Yang, H.-N. Yang, X.-T. Yang, Y.-J Yang, Y.-W. Yu, J. Zhang, M. Zhang, S.-N. Zhang, W.-D. Zhang, W.-J. Zhang, Y.-H. Zhang, Z. Zhang, Z. Zhang, Z.-L. Zhang, D.-H. Zhao, H.-S. Zhao, X.-F. Zhao, Z.-J. Zhao, L.-X. Zhou, Y.-L. Zhou, Y.-X. Zhu, Z.-C. Zhu, X.-X. Zuo

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Abstract

Long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are believed to originate from core collapse of massive stars. High-redshift GRBs can probe the star formation and reionization history of the early Universe, but their detection remains rare. Here we report the detection of a GRB triggered in the 0.5–4 keV band by the Wide-field X-ray Telescope (WXT) on board the Einstein Probe (EP) mission, designated as EP240315a, whose bright peak was also detected by the Swift Burst Alert Telescope and Konus-Wind through off-line analyses. At a redshift of z = 4.859, EP240315a showed a much longer and more complicated light curve in the soft-X-ray band than in gamma rays. Benefiting from a large field of view (~3,600°²) and a high sensitivity, EP-WXT captured the earlier engine activation and extended late engine activity through a continuous detection. With a peak X-ray flux at the faint end of previously known high-z GRBs, the detection of EP240315a demonstrates the great potential for EP to study the early universe via GRBs.

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高红移伽马暴EP240315a的软x射线提示辐射

长伽马射线暴（GRBs）被认为起源于大质量恒星的核心坍缩。高红移伽马射线暴可以探测早期宇宙的恒星形成和再电离历史，但它们的探测仍然很少。本文报道了爱因斯坦探测器（EP）任务上的宽视场x射线望远镜（WXT）在0.5-4 keV波段探测到触发的GRB，命名为EP240315a，其明亮峰也被Swift突发警报望远镜和Konus-Wind通过离线分析检测到。在红移z = 4.859处，EP240315a在软x射线波段的光曲线比在伽马射线波段的光曲线长得多，也复杂得多。EP-WXT得益于大视场（~ 3600°2）和高灵敏度，可通过连续检测捕获早期发动机激活，并扩展后期发动机活动。EP240315a的x射线通量峰值位于先前已知的高z伽玛射线暴的微弱端，这表明EP通过伽玛射线暴研究早期宇宙的巨大潜力。

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来源期刊

Nature Astronomy Physics and Astronomy-Astronomy and Astrophysics

CiteScore

19.50

自引率

2.80%

发文量

252

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