Sex Differences in Clinical Features and Survival Outcomes of Esophageal Cancer: A Comparative Study in the Korean Population.

IF 4 3区 医学 Q1 ANDROLOGY World Journal of Mens Health Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI:10.5534/wjmh.240192
Jin Hee Noh, Hyungchul Park, Do Hoon Kim, Hee Kyong Na, Ji Yong Ahn, Jeong Hoon Lee, Kee Wook Jung, Kee Don Choi, Ho June Song, Gin Hyug Lee, Hwoon-Yong Jung
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Abstract

Purpose: Esophageal cancer is a predominantly male disease. However, the sex differences associated with esophageal cancer have not been thoroughly investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the differences between esophageal cancer in males and females in the Korean population.

Materials and methods: We assessed patients diagnosed with esophageal cancer between 2005 and 2015 at a tertiary referral center. The clinical features of patients, histopathologic characteristics of tumors, and treatment and survival outcomes were compared between male and female patients.

Results: We enrolled 2,068 patients, comprising 1,924 (93.0%) males and 144 (7.0%) females. The median age at diagnosis was younger for females than males (65 vs. 63 years, p=0.004). Squamous cell carcinoma was the predominant pathological type (99.0% in males and 93.1% in females); however, the proportion of adenocarcinoma cases was higher in females than males (0.8% vs. 5.6%, p<0.001). Multivariate analysis indicated favorable overall survival for female patients (hazard ratio [HR], 0.685; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.548-0.857) and patients with high body mass index (≥25 kg/m², HR, 0.432; 95% CI, 0.355-0.526), and in early tumor stage (Stage 4, HR, 12.684; 95% CI, 7.451-21.591). The 5-year overall survival (44.8% vs. 53.5%, p=0.016) and recurrence-free survival rates (74.0% vs. 84.3%, p=0.036) were higher in females than in males.

Conclusions: We found significant sex differences in esophageal cancer among the Korean population, with female patients demonstrating distinct clinical characteristics and more favorable survival outcomes compared to male patients. These findings underscore the importance of considering sex-specific factors in the management and prognosis of esophageal cancer.

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来源期刊
World Journal of Mens Health
World Journal of Mens Health Medicine-Psychiatry and Mental Health
CiteScore
7.60
自引率
2.10%
发文量
92
审稿时长
6 weeks
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