A Nomogram for Predicting Prognostic Assessment of Traumatic Intracranial Hematoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Abstract

Background

This retrospective study aimed to identify key prognostic factors for patients with traumatic intracranial hemorrhage (TICH) and develop a comprehensive nomogram for prognostic assessment.

Methods

A retrospective study was carried out on TICH patients at a single-center hospital from October 2013 to September 2022. Using logistic regression analyses, key prognostic factors for TICH were identified and used to create a predictive nomogram model. This model was internally validated for its reliability and accuracy.

Results

The study included 252 TICH patients. Age ≥ 45 years (odds ratio [OR]: 3.13; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.27–5.36; P = 0.002), preoperative Glasgow Coma Scale score <5 (OR: 3.93; 95% CI: 2.26–7.35; P < 0.001), traumatic coagulation abnormalities status (OR: 1.67; 95% CI: 1.13–3.32; P = 0.035), and hematoma volume (P < 0.001) were identified as independent prognostic factors for TICH patients. A comprehensive predictive model was constructed based on these factors and internally validated to ensure its reliability and robustness.

Conclusions

Age, Glasgow Coma Scale scores, traumatic coagulation abnormalities status, and hematoma volume are independent prognostic factors for TICH. This model offers a valuable tool for clinicians in assessing TICH patient outcomes, warranting further validation and exploration of additional predictive factors for enhanced prognostic accuracy.