Roelof van Ewijk, Rana Dandis, Janna Rodewijk, Bart de Keizer, Simone A J Ter Horst, Michiel A J van de Sande, Lizz van der Heijden, Johannes H M Merks, Lianne M Haveman, Arthur J A T Braat
{"title":"The prognostic value of baseline EARL standardized FDG PET indices in pediatric and adolescent high-grade osteosarcoma.","authors":"Roelof van Ewijk, Rana Dandis, Janna Rodewijk, Bart de Keizer, Simone A J Ter Horst, Michiel A J van de Sande, Lizz van der Heijden, Johannes H M Merks, Lianne M Haveman, Arthur J A T Braat","doi":"10.1007/s00330-025-11372-z","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the prognostic value of baseline European Association of Nuclear Medicine Research Ltd. (EARL) standardized [<sup>18</sup>F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography ([<sup>18</sup>F]FDG PET-CT) quantitative values for survival and to evaluate cutoff values identified in other studies.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Pediatric and adolescent patients with high-grade osteosarcoma were included. Baseline [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG PET-CT, with EARL-accredited reconstructions, was the standard diagnostic staging procedure. Cox proportional hazard analysis for event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) was performed with clinical prognostic factors. Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank tests were applied to investigate the prognostic performance of the [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG PET indices.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 66 patients were included in this study. In the univariable Cox regression analysis, peak lean-body mass corrected SUV (SUL<sub>peak</sub>) (hazard ratio (HR): 1.04), total lesion glycolysis (TLG) (HR: 1.0), and metabolic tumor volume (MTV) (HR: 1.0) were not associated with EFS or OS. Log-rank analysis showed a significant difference in EFS for all SUL<sub>max</sub> and SUL<sub>peak</sub> cutoffs. For MTV<sub>total</sub> the maximum Youden, and for TLG<sub>total,</sub> the maximum Youden and maximally selected rank cutoff resulted in a significant EFS difference. No cutoff for any measure showed a significant difference in OS between the groups. ROC curves for event status had an AUC of 0.67, 0.66, 0.64, and 0.64 for SUL<sub>max</sub>, SUL<sub>peak</sub>, MTV<sub>total,</sub> and TLG<sub>total</sub>, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, the baseline EARL-standardized [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG PET indices of children and adolescents with osteosarcoma were not prognostic of EFS or OS. The proposed prognostic cutoffs from earlier studies suffer from important technical and statistical issues.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>Question Prognostic value of baseline [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG PET-CT imaging markers have been reported for histologic response and survival in high-grade osteosarcoma but have not been validated for clinical practice. Findings Baseline SUV<sub>peak</sub>, TLG<sub>total</sub>, and MTV<sub>total</sub> measured on EARL-accredited reconstructions were not prognostic factors for survival in pediatric and adolescent patients with high-grade osteosarcoma. Clinical relevance A wide range of values for SUV<sub>peak</sub> and SUV<sub>max</sub> cutoffs with similar prognostic value were identified, questioning the value of a single proposed cutoff. Lack of validation, with important technical and statistical issues of proposed prognostic cutoffs, limits clinical implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12076,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"4233-4242"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12166021/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"European Radiology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-025-11372-z","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/1/24 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the prognostic value of baseline European Association of Nuclear Medicine Research Ltd. (EARL) standardized [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography ([18F]FDG PET-CT) quantitative values for survival and to evaluate cutoff values identified in other studies.
Materials and methods: Pediatric and adolescent patients with high-grade osteosarcoma were included. Baseline [18F]FDG PET-CT, with EARL-accredited reconstructions, was the standard diagnostic staging procedure. Cox proportional hazard analysis for event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) was performed with clinical prognostic factors. Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank tests were applied to investigate the prognostic performance of the [18F]FDG PET indices.
Results: In total, 66 patients were included in this study. In the univariable Cox regression analysis, peak lean-body mass corrected SUV (SULpeak) (hazard ratio (HR): 1.04), total lesion glycolysis (TLG) (HR: 1.0), and metabolic tumor volume (MTV) (HR: 1.0) were not associated with EFS or OS. Log-rank analysis showed a significant difference in EFS for all SULmax and SULpeak cutoffs. For MTVtotal the maximum Youden, and for TLGtotal, the maximum Youden and maximally selected rank cutoff resulted in a significant EFS difference. No cutoff for any measure showed a significant difference in OS between the groups. ROC curves for event status had an AUC of 0.67, 0.66, 0.64, and 0.64 for SULmax, SULpeak, MTVtotal, and TLGtotal, respectively.
Conclusion: In this study, the baseline EARL-standardized [18F]FDG PET indices of children and adolescents with osteosarcoma were not prognostic of EFS or OS. The proposed prognostic cutoffs from earlier studies suffer from important technical and statistical issues.
Key points: Question Prognostic value of baseline [18F]FDG PET-CT imaging markers have been reported for histologic response and survival in high-grade osteosarcoma but have not been validated for clinical practice. Findings Baseline SUVpeak, TLGtotal, and MTVtotal measured on EARL-accredited reconstructions were not prognostic factors for survival in pediatric and adolescent patients with high-grade osteosarcoma. Clinical relevance A wide range of values for SUVpeak and SUVmax cutoffs with similar prognostic value were identified, questioning the value of a single proposed cutoff. Lack of validation, with important technical and statistical issues of proposed prognostic cutoffs, limits clinical implementation.
期刊介绍：
European Radiology (ER) continuously updates scientific knowledge in radiology by publication of strong original articles and state-of-the-art reviews written by leading radiologists. A well balanced combination of review articles, original papers, short communications from European radiological congresses and information on society matters makes ER an indispensable source for current information in this field.
This is the Journal of the European Society of Radiology, and the official journal of a number of societies.
From 2004-2008 supplements to European Radiology were published under its companion, European Radiology Supplements, ISSN 1613-3749.
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