Continuous Blood Gas Control Based on Active Disturbance Rejection Control During Ex Vivo Porcine Liver Perfusion.

IF 2.2 3区医学 Q3 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Artificial organs Pub Date : 2025-01-27 DOI:10.1111/aor.14955

Yilong Zhao, Xin Lyu, Zhen Sun, Xiaoliang Zhang, Jin Cen, Tianhang Yang, Xiaoliang Xu, Wenhui Xing, Sihan Zhao, Bidou Wang, Gangyin Luo

{"title":"Continuous Blood Gas Control Based on Active Disturbance Rejection Control During Ex Vivo Porcine Liver Perfusion.","authors":"Yilong Zhao, Xin Lyu, Zhen Sun, Xiaoliang Zhang, Jin Cen, Tianhang Yang, Xiaoliang Xu, Wenhui Xing, Sihan Zhao, Bidou Wang, Gangyin Luo","doi":"10.1111/aor.14955","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Background: Membrane oxygenators facilitate extracorporeal gas exchange, necessitating the monitoring of blood gas. Recent advances in normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) for ex vivo liver offer solutions to the shortage of donor liver. However, maintaining physiological blood gas levels during prolonged NMP is complex and costly.Methods: We introduce a noninvasive and economical approach for regulating the blood gas during NMP of ex vivo porcine livers. By monitoring gas fractions at the outlet of oxygenator, real-time adjustments of blood gas can be made without the online blood gas analyzer. The method involves constructing multivariate linear regression (MLR) models, aligning target setpoints of gas, and employing active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) to achieve closed-loop regulation.Results: Ex vivo porcine liver perfusion experiments demonstrated the effectiveness of the method, maintaining blood gas within physiological levels over 24 h (oxygen partial pressure: 150.36 ± 3.33 mmHg, carbon dioxide partial pressure: 41.34 ± 0.91 mmHg).Conclusion: ADRC-based continuous regulation of gas fraction at the outlet of oxygenator is a feasible and effective approach for managing blood gas during ex vivo porcine liver perfusion.","PeriodicalId":8450,"journal":{"name":"Artificial organs","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Artificial organs","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aor.14955","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Membrane oxygenators facilitate extracorporeal gas exchange, necessitating the monitoring of blood gas. Recent advances in normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) for ex vivo liver offer solutions to the shortage of donor liver. However, maintaining physiological blood gas levels during prolonged NMP is complex and costly.

Methods: We introduce a noninvasive and economical approach for regulating the blood gas during NMP of ex vivo porcine livers. By monitoring gas fractions at the outlet of oxygenator, real-time adjustments of blood gas can be made without the online blood gas analyzer. The method involves constructing multivariate linear regression (MLR) models, aligning target setpoints of gas, and employing active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) to achieve closed-loop regulation.

Results: Ex vivo porcine liver perfusion experiments demonstrated the effectiveness of the method, maintaining blood gas within physiological levels over 24 h (oxygen partial pressure: 150.36 ± 3.33 mmHg, carbon dioxide partial pressure: 41.34 ± 0.91 mmHg).

Conclusion: ADRC-based continuous regulation of gas fraction at the outlet of oxygenator is a feasible and effective approach for managing blood gas during ex vivo porcine liver perfusion.

查看原文

微信好友朋友圈 QQ好友复制链接

本刊更多论文

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文去求助

来源期刊

Artificial organs 工程技术-工程：生物医学

CiteScore

4.30

自引率

12.50%

发文量

303

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Artificial Organs is the official peer reviewed journal of The International Federation for Artificial Organs (Members of the Federation are: The American Society for Artificial Internal Organs, The European Society for Artificial Organs, and The Japanese Society for Artificial Organs), The International Faculty for Artificial Organs, the International Society for Rotary Blood Pumps, The International Society for Pediatric Mechanical Cardiopulmonary Support, and the Vienna International Workshop on Functional Electrical Stimulation. Artificial Organs publishes original research articles dealing with developments in artificial organs applications and treatment modalities and their clinical applications worldwide. Membership in the Societies listed above is not a prerequisite for publication. Articles are published without charge to the author except for color figures and excess page charges as noted.