{"title":"Review of directional leads, stimulation patterns and programming strategies for deep brain stimulation.","authors":"Yijie Zhou, Yibo Song, Xizi Song, Feng He, Minpeng Xu, Dong Ming","doi":"10.1007/s11571-024-10210-0","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a well-established treatment for both neurological and psychiatric disorders. Directional DBS has the potential to minimize stimulation-induced side effects and maximize clinical benefits. Many new directional leads, stimulation patterns and programming strategies have been developed in recent years. Therefore, it is necessary to review new progress in directional DBS. This paper summarizes progress for directional DBS from the perspective of directional DBS leads, stimulation patterns, and programming strategies which are three key elements of DBS systems. Directional DBS leads are reviewed in electrode design and volume of tissue activated visualization strategies. Stimulation patterns are reviewed in stimulation parameters and advances in stimulation patterns. Programming strategies are reviewed in computational modeling, monopolar review, direction indicators and adaptive DBS. This review will provide a comprehensive overview of primary directional DBS leads, stimulation patterns and programming strategies, making it helpful for those who are developing DBS systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":10500,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neurodynamics","volume":"19 1","pages":"33"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11757656/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Cognitive Neurodynamics","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11571-024-10210-0","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/1/23 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"NEUROSCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a well-established treatment for both neurological and psychiatric disorders. Directional DBS has the potential to minimize stimulation-induced side effects and maximize clinical benefits. Many new directional leads, stimulation patterns and programming strategies have been developed in recent years. Therefore, it is necessary to review new progress in directional DBS. This paper summarizes progress for directional DBS from the perspective of directional DBS leads, stimulation patterns, and programming strategies which are three key elements of DBS systems. Directional DBS leads are reviewed in electrode design and volume of tissue activated visualization strategies. Stimulation patterns are reviewed in stimulation parameters and advances in stimulation patterns. Programming strategies are reviewed in computational modeling, monopolar review, direction indicators and adaptive DBS. This review will provide a comprehensive overview of primary directional DBS leads, stimulation patterns and programming strategies, making it helpful for those who are developing DBS systems.
期刊介绍:
Cognitive Neurodynamics provides a unique forum of communication and cooperation for scientists and engineers working in the field of cognitive neurodynamics, intelligent science and applications, bridging the gap between theory and application, without any preference for pure theoretical, experimental or computational models.
The emphasis is to publish original models of cognitive neurodynamics, novel computational theories and experimental results. In particular, intelligent science inspired by cognitive neuroscience and neurodynamics is also very welcome.
The scope of Cognitive Neurodynamics covers cognitive neuroscience, neural computation based on dynamics, computer science, intelligent science as well as their interdisciplinary applications in the natural and engineering sciences. Papers that are appropriate for non-specialist readers are encouraged.
1. There is no page limit for manuscripts submitted to Cognitive Neurodynamics. Research papers should clearly represent an important advance of especially broad interest to researchers and technologists in neuroscience, biophysics, BCI, neural computer and intelligent robotics.
2. Cognitive Neurodynamics also welcomes brief communications: short papers reporting results that are of genuinely broad interest but that for one reason and another do not make a sufficiently complete story to justify a full article publication. Brief Communications should consist of approximately four manuscript pages.
3. Cognitive Neurodynamics publishes review articles in which a specific field is reviewed through an exhaustive literature survey. There are no restrictions on the number of pages. Review articles are usually invited, but submitted reviews will also be considered.