Examining factor structure and psychometric properties of Ethical Leadership Questionnaire with Healthcare Professionals in Saudi Arabia.

IF 1.2 4区医学 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI:10.12669/pjms.41.1.10861

Badr K Aldhmadi, Rakesh Kumar, Bilesha Perera, Mohammad A Algarni

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Abstract

Objective: The study aimed to examine the factor structure and psychometric properties of ethical leadership questionnaire (ELQ) by using a healthcare professional sample in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, and a total of 387 healthcare professionals completed the 15-items ELQ questionnaire between 18 October, 2023 and 17 January, 2024. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and a reliability test were performed on the obtained data.

Results: It was found that the ELQ involved four factors including honesty (four items), integrity (four items), sets example (three items), and concern for values (four items). The study was able to explain 74.14% of the total variance. The model comparative fit index (CFI) was 0.952, the goodness-of-fit index (GFI) was 0.915, the standardized root mean squared residual (SRMR) was 0.0536, and the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) was 0.076. The reliability value was obtained by using Cronbach's alpha, and the results of each subscale were higher than 0.80, which means they were deemed adequate and reliable. The results from these fit indices indicated that the four-factor model with EC offered the utmost fit.

Conclusion: The ELQ is a reliable and valid instrument that can be used on this population to determine employees' perceptions of their leaders' ethical behavior.

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沙特阿拉伯医疗保健专业人员伦理领导问卷的因素结构和心理测量特性研究。

目的：本研究以沙特阿拉伯医疗保健专业人员为样本，考察伦理型领导问卷（ELQ）的因素结构和心理测量学特征。方法：采用横断面研究方法，于2023年10月18日至2024年1月17日对387名卫生保健专业人员进行15项ELQ问卷调查。对获得的数据进行探索性因素分析（EFA）、验证性因素分析（CFA）和信度检验。结果：ELQ包括诚实（4个项目）、正直（4个项目）、以身作则（3个项目）和价值观关注（4个项目）4个因素。该研究能够解释总方差的74.14%。模型比较拟合指数（CFI）为0.952，拟合优度指数（GFI）为0.915，标准化均方根残差（SRMR）为0.0536，近似均方根误差（RMSEA）为0.076。信度值采用Cronbach’s alpha得到，各子量表的结果均大于0.80，认为充分可靠。这些拟合指标的结果表明，含EC的四因素模型的拟合效果最好。结论：ELQ是一种可靠有效的工具，可以用于确定员工对其领导者道德行为的看法。

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来源期刊

Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences 医学-医学：内科

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

9.10%

发文量

363

审稿时长

3-6 weeks

期刊介绍： It is a peer reviewed medical journal published regularly since 1984. It was previously known as quarterly "SPECIALIST" till December 31st 1999. It publishes original research articles, review articles, current practices, short communications & case reports. It attracts manuscripts not only from within Pakistan but also from over fifty countries from abroad. Copies of PJMS are sent to all the import medical libraries all over Pakistan and overseas particularly in South East Asia and Asia Pacific besides WHO EMRO Region countries. Eminent members of the medical profession at home and abroad regularly contribute their write-ups, manuscripts in our publications. We pursue an independent editorial policy, which allows an opportunity to the healthcare professionals to express their views without any fear or favour. That is why many opinion makers among the medical and pharmaceutical profession use this publication to communicate their viewpoint.