Exploring the Impact of Sports Participation on Social Capital and Health-related Factors in Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury: A Cross-sectional Study.

Abstract

Objective: This study examined the impact of sports participation on the health status of individuals with spinal cord injuries (SCI), with emphasis on the role of health-related social capital (HRSC).

Methods: This study included 65 individuals with SCI (42 who participated in sports and 23 who did not). The following information was obtained from the participants through an online questionnaire: their basic information, information regarding activities of daily life independence, physical activity, mental health, lifestyle, insomnia, and social capital. We compared the outcomes between participants with and without sports participation and examined their correlations. Multiple regression analysis with forced entry was performed to determine the association between HRSC and health outcomes.

Results: Physical activity, mental health, and HRSC were significantly higher in individuals with SCI who participated in sports (p <0.01 or p <0.05) than in individuals with SCI who did not participate in sports. The HRSC of individuals with SCI with sports participation showed a significant positive correlation with lifestyle and a significant negative correlation with insomnia score (p <0.05). Multiple regression analysis revealed that higher HRSC was associated with lifestyle in individuals with SCI who participated in sports (p <0.05) compared with individuals with SCI who did not participate in sports.

Conclusion: The study findings underscore the potential benefits of sports participation in individuals with SCI, including increased physical activity and development of HRSC. However, it is essential to consider the implications of sports involvement on the psychological well-being of individuals with disabilities and provide appropriate support.