Association between glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists and risk of diabetic retinopathy: a disproportionality analysis using FDA adverse event reporting system data.

IF 2.8 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-28 DOI:10.1080/17446651.2025.2459720

Harmanjit Singh, Navreet Kaur Natt, Dwividendra Kumar Nim

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Abstract

Background: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists are commonly prescribed for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Concerns have emerged regarding their potential link to diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods: To evaluate the association between GLP-1 agonists and DR, a disproportionality analysis was conducted using FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) data from Q4/2003 to Q2/2024 via OpenVigil 2.1 software. We focused on GLP-1 agonists and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) agonist: Semaglutide, liraglutide, dulaglutide, lixisenatide, and tirzepatide, as primary suspect drugs. 'Diabetic retinopathy' was the key search term mapped to Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA) Lower-Level Terms (LLTs). We calculated Proportional Reporting Ratio (PRR) and Reporting Odds Ratio (ROR), with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and the Evans' criteria were applied to check the significant associations.

Results: Semaglutide (PRR: 19.43, 95% CI: 15.17-24.88; ROR: 19.48, 95% CI: 15.20-24.96; Chi-square: 1078.08) and dulaglutide (PRR: 9.01, 95% CI: 7.11-11.42; ROR: 9.02, 95% CI: 7.11-11.44; Chi-square: 478.31) showed a strong association with DR. Tirzepatide and liraglutide showed a weaker but significant association while lixisenatide showed no significant association.

Conclusion: GLP-1 agonists (except lixisenatide) were found to be associated with DR. These findings emphasize the need for close monitoring and further research to clarify these associations.

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胰高血糖素样肽-1激动剂与糖尿病视网膜病变风险之间的关系：使用FDA不良事件报告系统数据的歧化分析

背景：胰高血糖素样肽-1 （GLP-1）激动剂通常用于2型糖尿病（T2DM）。人们开始关注它们与糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）的潜在联系。方法：为了评估GLP-1激动剂与DR之间的关系，通过OpenVigil 2.1软件使用FDA不良事件报告系统（FAERS） 2003年4月至2024年2月的数据进行歧化分析。我们主要关注GLP-1激动剂和葡萄糖依赖性胰岛素性多肽（GIP）激动剂：西马鲁肽、利拉鲁肽、杜拉鲁肽、利西塞那肽和替西帕肽，作为主要的可疑药物。“糖尿病视网膜病变”是映射到医学词典管理活动（MedDRA）低级术语（LLTs）的关键搜索词。我们计算比例报告比（PRR）和报告优势比（ROR）， 95%置信区间（CI），并应用Evans标准检查显著相关性。结果：西马鲁肽(PRR: 19.43, 95% CI: 15.17-24.88；Ror: 19.48, 95% ci: 15.20-24.96；卡方：1078.08)和杜拉鲁肽(PRR: 9.01, 95% CI: 7.11-11.42；Ror: 9.02, 95% ci: 7.11-11.44；卡方：478.31)与dr的相关性较强，利拉鲁肽与dr的相关性较弱但显著，利昔那肽与dr的相关性不显著。结论：GLP-1激动剂（利昔那肽除外）被发现与dr相关，这些发现强调需要密切监测和进一步研究来阐明这些关联。

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来源期刊

Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM-

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

0.00%

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期刊介绍： Implicated in a plethora of regulatory dysfunctions involving growth and development, metabolism, electrolyte balances and reproduction, endocrine disruption is one of the highest priority research topics in the world. As a result, we are now in a position to better detect, characterize and overcome the damage mediated by adverse interaction with the endocrine system. Expert Review of Endocrinology and Metabolism (ISSN 1744-6651), provides extensive coverage of state-of-the-art research and clinical advancements in the field of endocrine control and metabolism, with a focus on screening, prevention, diagnostics, existing and novel therapeutics, as well as related molecular genetics, pathophysiology and epidemiology.