Median nerve entrapment neuropathy: a review on the pronator syndrome

Abstract

Pronator syndrome is a compression neuropathy of the median nerve within the anatomical structures of the elbow and forearm. It presents with neuropathic pain, numbness, and weakness of the forearm and hand, which are often exacerbated by repetitive pronation-supination movements. Patient presentation may mimic the signs and symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome. Diagnosis requires comprehensive clinical assessment, employing provocative examination along with electrophysiological and imaging studies for accurate evaluation. Treatment strategies encompass conservative measures such as activity modification and physical therapy, whereas surgical intervention may be warranted in severe cases that are refractory to conservative treatment. By reviewing the current literature within the spectrum of median nerve entrapment neuropathies, this review aimed to enhance and summarize the current understanding by consolidating the existing knowledge for improved patient outcomes.