Associations of fetal and infant growth with pubertal timing.

IF 4.3 3区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Archives of Disease in Childhood Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI:10.1136/archdischild-2024-327060
Sophia Blaauwendraad, Romy Gaillard, Romy Gonçalves, Fernando Rivadeneira, Gert Dohle, Edwin Oei, Annemarie Mulders, Pauline Jansen, Vincent Jaddoe
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective: Impaired fetal and infant growth may cause alterations in developmental programming of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and subsequently pubertal development. We aimed to assess associations between fetal and infant growth and pubertal development.

Design: Population-based prospective birth cohort.

Setting: Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

Patients: 5830 singleton born children.

Interventions: We estimated fetal weight in second and third trimester by ultrasound. Infant growth measures were gestational age and weight at birth and infant weight at 6, 12 and 24 months.

Main outcome measures: Pubertal timing outcomes included difference between chronological and skeletal age assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, testicular or ovarian volumes assessed using MRI at 10 years, age at menarche and Tanner staging at 13 years.

Results: Among girls, 1-SD scores birth weight increase was associated with larger ovarian volume at 10 years (0.07 SD (95% CI 0.02 to 0.12) and later age at menarche (0.06 (0.02 to 0.11)). Among girls, increased infant growth was associated with an older skeletal age at 10 years (difference 2.67 (95% CI 2.26 to 3.08) months), earlier menarche (difference 0.10 (95% CI -0.14 to -0.06) years) and more advance breast and pubic hair development at 13 years (difference in Tanner stages 0.09 (0.05 to 0.13) and 0.07 (0.03 to 0.12)). In boys, increased infant growth was associated with an older skeletal age (3.13 (95% CI 2.58 to 3.69) months) and a larger testicular volume (0.07 (95% 0.02 to 0.12) SD) at 10 years, and with more advance pubic hair development (0.09 (95% CI 0.05 to 0.14) at 13 years).

Conclusion: Birth anthropometrics and early-life growth patterns are associated with altered pubertal development in a sex-specific manner.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.80
自引率
3.80%
发文量
291
审稿时长
3-6 weeks
期刊介绍: Archives of Disease in Childhood is an international peer review journal that aims to keep paediatricians and others up to date with advances in the diagnosis and treatment of childhood diseases as well as advocacy issues such as child protection. It focuses on all aspects of child health and disease from the perinatal period (in the Fetal and Neonatal edition) through to adolescence. ADC includes original research reports, commentaries, reviews of clinical and policy issues, and evidence reports. Areas covered include: community child health, public health, epidemiology, acute paediatrics, advocacy, and ethics.
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