Circulating concentrations of vitamins C, D and E vary with age but not with pneumonia status in foals during the first 5 months of life

IF 2.2 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Equine Veterinary Journal Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI:10.1111/evj.14480

Hannah Helbig, Londa J. Berghaus, Monica Venner, Roy Berghaus, Kelsey A. Hart

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Abstract

Background

Adequate vitamin availability is vital for cellular and immune function and for normal growth. Available data on age-related changes in serum concentrations of vitamins in foals are limited. In addition, associations between circulating vitamin concentrations and the development of bronchopneumonia in foals are not described.

Objectives

(1) To quantify circulating concentrations of vitamins C, D and E from birth to weaning in foals; (2) to determine associations between vitamin concentrations and the development of bronchopneumonia during this period.

Study design

Prospective cohort study.

Methods

Blood samples were serially collected from 100 initially healthy Warmblood foals from birth to 5 months of age. Health status was evaluated weekly, and the development of subclinical and clinical bronchopneumonia was recorded. After weaning, foals were allocated to healthy, subclinical and clinical pneumonia groups, and samples from 15 foals/group were randomly selected for vitamin C, D and E quantification via ELISA and HPLC. Data were analysed with linear mixed models (p < 0.05).

Results

Circulating concentrations of vitamins C, D and E did not differ between healthy foals and foals with subclinical or clinical pneumonia. Foal age significantly impacted vitamin concentrations (p < 0.001) in a vitamin-specific manner. Vitamins C and E concentrations increased during the first week of life and then decreased until weaning. Vitamin C concentrations were higher at pneumonia diagnosis in foals with pneumonia diagnosed at or before 8 weeks of age than in healthy foals. Vitamin D concentrations were lowest on Day 7 and then increased steadily until weaning.

Main limitations

A small number of foals was included, and results may be specific to this study population due to environmental and farm management factors.

Conclusions

Circulating concentrations of vitamins C, D and E vary with age in foals, but do not appear to be related to the development of bronchopneumonia.

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马驹出生前5个月的循环维生素C、D和E浓度随年龄而变化，但与肺炎状况无关。

背景：充足的维生素对细胞和免疫功能以及正常生长至关重要。有关马驹血清维生素浓度随年龄变化的现有数据有限。此外，循环维生素浓度和马驹支气管肺炎发展之间的关系没有描述。目的：(1)定量测定马驹从出生到断奶期间维生素C、D和E的循环浓度；(2)确定在此期间维生素浓度与支气管肺炎发展之间的关系。研究设计：前瞻性队列研究。方法：对100匹初生健康温血马驹从出生至5月龄进行连续采血。每周评估健康状况，记录亚临床和临床支气管肺炎的发展情况。断奶后，将马驹分为健康组、亚临床组和临床肺炎组，每组随机选取15匹马驹进行维生素C、D和E的酶联免疫吸附测定和高效液相色谱测定。用线性混合模型分析数据(p)结果：健康马驹和亚临床或临床肺炎马驹的循环维生素C、D和E浓度没有差异。马驹年龄显著影响维生素浓度(p)主要局限性：纳入的马驹数量较少，由于环境和农场管理因素，结果可能针对本研究群体。结论：马驹体内维生素C、D和E的循环浓度随年龄的变化而变化，但似乎与支气管肺炎的发展无关。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Equine Veterinary Journal 农林科学-兽医学

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

13.60%

发文量

161

审稿时长

6-16 weeks

期刊介绍： Equine Veterinary Journal publishes evidence to improve clinical practice or expand scientific knowledge underpinning equine veterinary medicine. This unrivalled international scientific journal is published 6 times per year, containing peer-reviewed articles with original and potentially important findings. Contributions are received from sources worldwide.