Ethyl 2,4-dioxovalerate triggers aggregation and tunneling preference of Formosan subterranean termites (Blattodea: Rhinotermitidae) and enhances the effectiveness of fipronil.

IF 2.9 1区 农林科学 Q1 ENTOMOLOGY Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI:10.1111/1744-7917.13493
Wasim Javaid, Ting Zhu, Weiwen Chen, Zhidong Zhang, Tairu Zeng, Haroon, Cai Wang
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Our previous study shows that Coptotermes formosanus (Blattodea: Rhinotermitidae) preferred to stay on filter paper treated with ethyl 2,4-dioxovalerate, a metabolite in the soil fungus Trichoderma virens. Here, we hypothesized that adding ethyl 2,4-dioxovalerate in sand could trigger aggregation and tunneling preferences of C. formosanus and improve the effectiveness of liquid termiticide. In aggregation-choice tests, significantly more termites were found on/in sand blocks containing ethyl 2,4-dioxovalerate (250 µg/g) than untreated blocks throughout the 24-h experiments. In the tunneling-choice tests, termites also excavated significantly more tunnels in the sand treated with ethyl 2,4-dioxovalerate (2.5, 25, or 250 µg/g) than untreated sand. However, in no-choice tests, ethyl 2,4-dioxovalerate (2.5, 25, or 250 µg/g) did not significantly affect tunneling activities, termite survival, wood consumption, or activities of detoxification enzymes (peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase) compared to controls. Interestingly, in aggregation- and tunneling-choice tests, termites preferred to stay and made more tunnels in sand treated with both ethyl 2,4-dioxovalerate (250 µg/g) and fipronil (1 µg/g) than untreated sand. In addition, in choice tests, sand treated with the combination of ethyl 2,4-dioxovalerate (250 µg/g) and fipronil (1 µg/g) caused significantly higher termite mortality than the sand treated with only fipronil (1 µg/g). Our study showed that ethyl 2,4-dioxovalerate may enhance the effectiveness of fipronil (1 µg/g in sand) by triggering aggregation and tunneling preferences of termites, thereby increasing the contact between termites and fipronil.

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来源期刊
Insect Science
Insect Science 生物-昆虫学
CiteScore
7.80
自引率
5.00%
发文量
1379
审稿时长
6.0 months
期刊介绍: Insect Science is an English-language journal, which publishes original research articles dealing with all fields of research in into insects and other terrestrial arthropods. Papers in any of the following fields will be considered: ecology, behavior, biogeography, physiology, biochemistry, sociobiology, phylogeny, pest management, and exotic incursions. The emphasis of the journal is on the adaptation and evolutionary biology of insects from the molecular to the ecosystem level. Reviews, mini reviews and letters to the editor, book reviews, and information about academic activities of the society are also published.
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