Artificial intelligence for brain neuroanatomical segmentation in magnetic resonance imaging: A literature review

IF 1.8 4区医学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Journal of Clinical Neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-28 DOI:10.1016/j.jocn.2025.111073

Mitchell Andrews , Antonio Di Ieva

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose

This literature review aims to synthesise current research on the application of artificial intelligence (AI) for the segmentation of brain neuroanatomical structures in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods

A literature search was conducted using the databases Embase, Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science, and captured articles were assessed for inclusion in the review. Data extraction was performed for the summary of the AI model used, and key findings of each article, advantages and disadvantages were identified.

Results

Following full-text screening, 21 articles were included in the review. The review covers models for segmentation models applied to the whole brain, cerebral cortex, subcortical structures, the cerebellum, blood vessels, perivascular spaces, and the ventricles. Accuracy of segmentation was generally high, particularly for segmenting neuroanatomical structures in healthy cohorts.

Conclusion

The use of AI for automatic brain segmentation is generally highly accurate and fast for all regions of the human brain. Challenges include robustness to anatomical variability and pathology, largely due to difficulties with accessing sufficient training data.

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磁共振成像中脑神经解剖分割的人工智能：文献综述。

目的：本文综述了人工智能（AI）在磁共振成像（MRI）中脑神经解剖结构分割中的应用研究现状。方法：使用Embase、Medline、Scopus和Web of Science数据库进行文献检索，并评估捕获的文章是否纳入综述。对所使用的人工智能模型进行了数据提取，并确定了每篇文章的主要发现、优点和缺点。结果：经过全文筛选，21篇文章被纳入综述。本文综述了应用于全脑、大脑皮层、皮层下结构、小脑、血管、血管周围空间和脑室的分割模型。分割的准确性普遍较高，特别是在健康人群中分割神经解剖结构。结论：利用人工智能对大脑各区域进行自动分割，准确率高，速度快。挑战包括对解剖变异性和病理学的鲁棒性，主要是由于难以获得足够的训练数据。

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来源期刊

Journal of Clinical Neuroscience 医学-临床神经学

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

0.00%

发文量

402

审稿时长

40 days

期刊介绍： This International journal, Journal of Clinical Neuroscience, publishes articles on clinical neurosurgery and neurology and the related neurosciences such as neuro-pathology, neuro-radiology, neuro-ophthalmology and neuro-physiology. The journal has a broad International perspective, and emphasises the advances occurring in Asia, the Pacific Rim region, Europe and North America. The Journal acts as a focus for publication of major clinical and laboratory research, as well as publishing solicited manuscripts on specific subjects from experts, case reports and other information of interest to clinicians working in the clinical neurosciences.