The co-occurrence of functional neurological disorder and autism spectrum disorder: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis.

IF 1.5 4区医学 Q3 PSYCHIATRY Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI:10.1080/13546805.2025.2452259

Bruce Tamilson, Norman Poole, Niruj Agrawal

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Abstract

Background: Recent studies reveal increasing interest in the link between Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Functional Neurological Disorder (FND), prompting a systematic review and meta-analysis of their co-occurrence.

Method: The review covered a comprehensive literature search across multiple databases up to November 2024, focusing on peer-reviewed studies of ASD and FND co-occurrence. Twenty-four studies qualified for inclusion.

Results: The study included 11,324 participants, predominantly female (73.4%). It estimated the proportion of ASD in FND populations to be 0.10 (95% CI: 0.07-0.15), with significant heterogeneity (I² = 97%, p < 0.01). Subgroup analysis showed variation among different age groups and diagnoses. The proportion of ASD was 0.09 in adults and 0.10 in children with FND, 0.15 in adults and 0.19 in children with Functional Tic-Like Behaviours (FTLB), and 0.07 in children with Functional Seizures (FS).

Conclusion: Many studies have reported the co-occurrence of ASD in FND, suggesting a higher-than-expected rate of 10%. Emerging themes exploring the overlapping determinants of FND and ASD, are discussed. However, the significance of this correlation and the overlapping determinants that might explain it, require further research due to the heterogeneity in methodologies, settings, conditions studied and findings. The presence of publication bias warrants cautious interpretation of the results.

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背景：最近的研究表明，人们对自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）和功能性神经障碍（FND）之间的联系越来越感兴趣，这促使我们对它们的共存性进行系统综述和荟萃分析：综述涵盖了截至 2024 年 11 月在多个数据库中进行的全面文献检索，重点关注经同行评审的 ASD 和 FND 并发症研究。有 24 项研究符合纳入条件：研究共纳入 11,324 名参与者，其中女性占绝大多数（73.4%）。据估计，FND人群中的ASD比例为0.10（95% CI：0.07-0.15），异质性显著（I² = 97%，p < 0.01）。亚组分析显示，不同年龄组和诊断之间存在差异。患有FND的成人和儿童中ASD的比例分别为0.09和0.10，患有功能性抽搐样行为（FTLB）的成人和儿童中ASD的比例分别为0.15和0.19，患有功能性癫痫发作（FS）的儿童中ASD的比例为0.07：结论：许多研究都报告了 FND 中同时存在 ASD 的情况，这表明 ASD 的发生率高于预期，达到了 10%。这些研究探讨了 FND 和 ASD 的重叠决定因素。然而，由于研究方法、研究环境、研究条件和研究结果的异质性，这种相关性的重要性以及可能解释这种相关性的重叠决定因素还需要进一步研究。由于存在发表偏差，因此需要对研究结果进行谨慎解读。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry PSYCHIATRY-

CiteScore

3.20

自引率

11.80%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Cognitive Neuropsychiatry (CNP) publishes high quality empirical and theoretical papers in the multi-disciplinary field of cognitive neuropsychiatry. Specifically the journal promotes the study of cognitive processes underlying psychological and behavioural abnormalities, including psychotic symptoms, with and without organic brain disease. Since 1996, CNP has published original papers, short reports, case studies and theoretical and empirical reviews in fields of clinical and cognitive neuropsychiatry, which have a bearing on the understanding of normal cognitive processes. Relevant research from cognitive neuroscience, cognitive neuropsychology and clinical populations will also be considered. There are no page charges and we are able to offer free color printing where color is necessary.