A Peculiar Case of Disseminated Melioidosis with Atypical Features Likely Linked to Bong/Water Pipe Use.

Abstract

Melioidosis, caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, is a challenging infectious disease with global implications, primarily affecting Southeast Asia. We present the case of a 24-year-old male with a curious history of tobacco use, presenting with fevers, weight loss, and genitourinary symptoms. Diagnostic challenges arose as symptoms mimicked other diseases. Disseminated melioidosis was confirmed via Gram staining and positron emission tomography scan findings, emphasizing the disease's diverse clinical manifestations. Treatment with ceftazidime and cotrimoxazole led to prompt recovery. Notably, the patient's tobacco use linked to contaminated water highlights a unique transmission route. This case underscores the need for heightened awareness and preventive measures in endemic regions.