Early outcome of stenting for treating iliac vein compression syndrome combined with acute deep venous thrombosis

Abstract

Aim

The present study assessed the effectiveness and safety of stent placement for treating iliac vein compression syndrome (IVCS) with acute deep venous thrombosis (DVT).

Materials and Methods

We conducted a retrospective study on 31 patients with IVCS companied with acute DVT who underwent percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy or catheter-directed thrombolysis and angioplasty combined with iliac vein stenting from January 2017 to January 2023. Follow-up was performed at 3, 6, and 12 months after the surgical procedure. At each visit, patients were evaluated by colour Doppler ultrasound or computed tomography venography to determine stent patency; additionally, visual analog scale (VAS), venous clinical severity score (VCSS), and five-level EuroQol-five dimensions (EQ-5D-5L) questionnaire were used to assess pain, severity, and symptoms associated with venous pathology and quality of life, respectively.

Results

The technical success rate of stent placement was 100 % in all patients. All patients completed follow-up at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. The primary patency rates were 96.8 % (95 % CI: 90.2–103.4 %) at 3, 6, and 12 months. The secondary patency rate was 96.8 % (95 % CI: 90.2–103.4 %) at 3 months and 100 % at 6, and 12 months. Only one patient experienced in-stent restenosis and underwent reintervention postoperation. All patients showed a significant improvement (P<0.05) in the scores of VAS, VCSS, and EQ-5D-5L.

Conclusion

Venous stent implantation was a safe and effective therapeutic approach for patients with IVCS combined with acute DVT.