Non-Newtonian gravity in color-flavor locked strange stars and the 2.6M⊙ component in GW190814

Abstract

We investigate the effects of non-Newtonian gravity on the properties of the color-flavor locked strange stars and constrain the parameters of the strange quark matter model using the mass of the GW190814’s secondary component ($2.59_{-0.09}^{+0.08}{M}_{\odot }$). We find that the allowed region in the $B_{\mathrm{eff}}^{1/4}$–$\Delta$ parameter space ($B_{\mathrm{eff}}$ is the effective bag constant and $\Delta$ is the pairing gap) becomes larger and the minimum allowed value of $\Delta$ becomes smaller with the increasing of the non-Newtonian gravity parameter $g^2/{\mu }^2$. For small values of $g^2/{\mu }^2$, the color-flavor locked phase must be employed to support a static $2.6M_{\odot }$ strange star. However, if $g^2/{\mu }^2$ is large enough, the maximum mass of the static strange stars made of unpaired strange quark matter could be larger than $2.6M_{\odot }$. Specifically, for the cases of $a_4=0.6$, 0.7, and 0.8 ($a_4$ is the perturbative quantum chromodynamics corrections term), the turning points are $g^2/{\mu }^2=2.15$, 3.59, and 4.75 GeV⁻², respectively.