O. V. Volkova, V. V. Zakharov, E. A. Il’ina, B. D. Antonov, A. A. Pankratov
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引用次数: 0
Abstract—The discharge characteristics of heat activated batteries (HABs) containing NiCl2–NiF2 mixtures as a positive electrode are studied. For the current density range from 0.25 to 1.5 A cm–2, this cathodic material is characterized by stable electrical characteristics in a temperature range of 480–600°C. The optimum composition of the cathodic mixture for the discharge conditions of HAB cells under study is determined. The reduction products of the NiCl2–NiF2 cathodic mixtures are studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and simultaneous thermal analysis (STA). The components of the cathodic mixture are reduced via the two-electron electrochemical reaction. The reduction products are metallic nickel and lithium halides. Lithium salts form solid solutions based on lithium chloride. Nickel forms the dendrite sponge that grows during HAB cell discharge and shifts deep inside the positive electrode. Pores of the dendrite sponge are filled with the salt fraction with a melting point of 470–490°C. The melting point of the salt fraction predetermines the lower boundary of the working temperature range of the HAB cell under study.
摘要研究了以NiCl2-NiF2混合物为正极的热活性电池（HABs）的放电特性。对于电流密度范围为0.25至1.5 A cm-2，该阴极材料在480-600°C的温度范围内具有稳定的电特性。确定了阴极混合物的最佳组成，以适应所研究的HAB电池的放电条件。采用x射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）和同步热分析（STA）研究了NiCl2-NiF2阴极混合物的还原产物。阴极混合物的组分通过双电子电化学反应被还原。还原产物为金属镍和卤化锂。锂盐以氯化锂为基础形成固溶体。在HAB细胞放电过程中，镍形成树突海绵生长，并向正极深处移动。枝晶海绵的孔隙中填充着熔点为470-490℃的盐馏分。盐组分的熔点预先决定了所研究的HAB细胞工作温度范围的下边界。
期刊介绍：
Russian Metallurgy (Metally) publishes results of original experimental and theoretical research in the form of reviews and regular articles devoted to topical problems of metallurgy, physical metallurgy, and treatment of ferrous, nonferrous, rare, and other metals and alloys, intermetallic compounds, and metallic composite materials. The journal focuses on physicochemical properties of metallurgical materials (ores, slags, matters, and melts of metals and alloys); physicochemical processes (thermodynamics and kinetics of pyrometallurgical, hydrometallurgical, electrochemical, and other processes); theoretical metallurgy; metal forming; thermoplastic and thermochemical treatment; computation and experimental determination of phase diagrams and thermokinetic diagrams; mechanisms and kinetics of phase transitions in metallic materials; relations between the chemical composition, phase and structural states of materials and their physicochemical and service properties; interaction between metallic materials and external media; and effects of radiation on these materials.
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