{"title":"Iron Infused Cajanus Cajan Leaf-Based Novel Bioadsorbent for Fluoride Adsorption from Water: Isotherm, Kinetic and Mechanisms","authors":"Naveen Patel, Santanu Mallik, Saurabh Kumar, Brijesh Kumar Yadav, Akansha Patel, Vinod Kumar Chaudhary, Arun Lal Srivastav","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-07775-9","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Agro-waste biomass of <i>Cajanus cajan</i> leaves were used for the synthesis of bioadsorbent iron activated pigeon pea leave (Fe-ACP) at 500 °C in muffle furnace and used for the abatement of fluoride from water. Characterization of bioadsorbent was done by using pH<sub>PZC</sub>, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy-dispersive X-ray, X-Ray Diffraction, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. Study was also conducted by varying the adsorbent doses, initial concentrations of fluoride, contact time intervals, pH of solution, temperature of the solution and in presence different competing ions. The result clearly indicated that at optimum adsorbent dose of 3 g/L the maximum removal of fluoride was achieved within 150 min of contact time. The fluoride removal efficiency got increased with increase in temperature from 25 °C to 55 °C. The Langmuir isotherm (R<sup>2 </sup>= 0.997) and pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R<sup>2 </sup>= 0.991) were found to be the best fit model to explain the mechanism of fluoride adsorption on Fe-ACP. The adsorption process was observed to be endothermic and spontaneous in nature as evidenced by thermodynamics studies. Through ANOVA analysis, the significant influence (p < 0.001) of contact time, biochar dose, initial fluoride concentrations, pH, and temperature were observed on the fluoride adsorption process. Presence of similar charge of competing ions (nitrate and phosphate) significantly impacted on the efficiency of Fe-ACP bioadsorbent for fluoride adsorption. Regeneration studies showed that Fe-ACP bio-adsorbent can be utilized up to four cycles. The experimental results proved that the Fe-ACP bio-adsorbent has excellent ability to reduce the level of fluoride from water up to 4 cycles after regeneration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","FirstCategoryId":"6","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11270-025-07775-9","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
Agro-waste biomass of Cajanus cajan leaves were used for the synthesis of bioadsorbent iron activated pigeon pea leave (Fe-ACP) at 500 °C in muffle furnace and used for the abatement of fluoride from water. Characterization of bioadsorbent was done by using pHPZC, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy-dispersive X-ray, X-Ray Diffraction, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. Study was also conducted by varying the adsorbent doses, initial concentrations of fluoride, contact time intervals, pH of solution, temperature of the solution and in presence different competing ions. The result clearly indicated that at optimum adsorbent dose of 3 g/L the maximum removal of fluoride was achieved within 150 min of contact time. The fluoride removal efficiency got increased with increase in temperature from 25 °C to 55 °C. The Langmuir isotherm (R2 = 0.997) and pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2 = 0.991) were found to be the best fit model to explain the mechanism of fluoride adsorption on Fe-ACP. The adsorption process was observed to be endothermic and spontaneous in nature as evidenced by thermodynamics studies. Through ANOVA analysis, the significant influence (p < 0.001) of contact time, biochar dose, initial fluoride concentrations, pH, and temperature were observed on the fluoride adsorption process. Presence of similar charge of competing ions (nitrate and phosphate) significantly impacted on the efficiency of Fe-ACP bioadsorbent for fluoride adsorption. Regeneration studies showed that Fe-ACP bio-adsorbent can be utilized up to four cycles. The experimental results proved that the Fe-ACP bio-adsorbent has excellent ability to reduce the level of fluoride from water up to 4 cycles after regeneration.
期刊介绍：
Water, Air, & Soil Pollution is an international, interdisciplinary journal on all aspects of pollution and solutions to pollution in the biosphere. This includes chemical, physical and biological processes affecting flora, fauna, water, air and soil in relation to environmental pollution. Because of its scope, the subject areas are diverse and include all aspects of pollution sources, transport, deposition, accumulation, acid precipitation, atmospheric pollution, metals, aquatic pollution including marine pollution and ground water, waste water, pesticides, soil pollution, sewage, sediment pollution, forestry pollution, effects of pollutants on humans, vegetation, fish, aquatic species, micro-organisms, and animals, environmental and molecular toxicology applied to pollution research, biosensors, global and climate change, ecological implications of pollution and pollution models. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution also publishes manuscripts on novel methods used in the study of environmental pollutants, environmental toxicology, environmental biology, novel environmental engineering related to pollution, biodiversity as influenced by pollution, novel environmental biotechnology as applied to pollution (e.g. bioremediation), environmental modelling and biorestoration of polluted environments.
Articles should not be submitted that are of local interest only and do not advance international knowledge in environmental pollution and solutions to pollution. Articles that simply replicate known knowledge or techniques while researching a local pollution problem will normally be rejected without review. Submitted articles must have up-to-date references, employ the correct experimental replication and statistical analysis, where needed and contain a significant contribution to new knowledge. The publishing and editorial team sincerely appreciate your cooperation.
Water, Air, & Soil Pollution publishes research papers; review articles; mini-reviews; and book reviews.
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