Degradable pH-Sensitive Calcium-Crosslinked Tragacanth Gum/β-Cyclodextrin/Sodium Alginate Hydrogel Microspheres Prepared via Ionotropic Gelation Technique for Hydrophobic Drug Delivery

IF 5 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Journal of Polymers and the Environment Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI:10.1007/s10924-024-03449-5

Priyanka Meena, Poonam Singh, Sudhir G. Warkar

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Abstract

Sodium alginate (SA) hydrogel microspheres are attracting interest in biomedical applications due to their easy degradation and non-toxic nature. However, their high swelling capacity and limited loading efficiency for hydrophobic drugs hinder their application in controlled drug release. The objective of the work is to develop smart vehicles that show effective loading and controlled release of hydrophobic drug. In this study, a series of tragacanth gum/β-cyclodextrin/sodium alginate (TG/β-CD/SA) hydrogel microspheres were designed via the ionotropic gelation method for delivery of hydrophobic drug aspirin. The effect of variation in TG, SA, and β-CD concentration on hydrogel microspheres swelling (%) was examined. The hydrogel microspheres were analyzed using Powder X-ray Diffraction (PXRD), Attenuated Total Reflection-Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) techniques. ATR-FTIR confirmed the successful synthesis of crosslinked TG/β-CD/SA hydrogel microspheres. PXRD showed that the microspheres are amorphous and that the drug is uniformly dispersed within the hydrogel. SEM revealed that the polymeric network has a porous and spherical surface morphology. The drug loading (%), sol–gel fraction (%), degradation (%), and rheological studies were investigated. The in vitro analysis shows a controlled release pattern at pH 1.2 and 7.4 in the TG/β-CD/SA hydrogel. The rheological analysis revealed that the elastic nature is dominant over the viscous one (G’ > G”) in synthesized TG/β-CD/SA hydrogel microspheres. The cytotoxicity evaluations conducted on the HCT-116 cell line indicate the excellent biocompatibility (87.9%) of the hydrogel. The degradation profile of the hydrogel microsphere in pH 7.4 demonstrates complete degradation (100%). Hence, the TG/β-CD/SA hydrogel microsphere reflects its potential as a non-toxic, degradable, and pH-dependent drug delivery system.

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可降解的ph敏感钙交联黄歌胶/β-环糊精/海藻酸钠水凝胶微球的离子化凝胶技术制备用于疏水给药

海藻酸钠（SA）水凝胶微球因其易于降解和无毒的特性而引起了人们对生物医学应用的兴趣。然而，由于其溶胀能力大和对疏水药物的装载效率有限，阻碍了其在药物控释方面的应用。本研究的目标是开发出能够有效装载和控制疏水药物释放的智能载体。本研究采用亲离子凝胶法设计了一系列黄芪胶/β-环糊精/海藻酸钠（TG/β-CD/SA）水凝胶微球，用于疏水药物阿司匹林的递送。考察了TG、SA和β-CD浓度变化对水凝胶微球溶胀（%）的影响。采用粉末x射线衍射（PXRD）、衰减全反射-傅里叶变换红外光谱（ATR-FTIR）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）技术对水凝胶微球进行了分析。ATR-FTIR证实了TG/β-CD/SA交联水凝胶微球的成功合成。PXRD表明微球呈无定形，药物均匀分散在水凝胶中。扫描电镜显示，聚合物网络具有多孔和球形的表面形貌。研究了载药量（%），溶胶-凝胶分数（%），降解（%）和流变学研究。体外分析表明，TG/β-CD/SA水凝胶在pH值1.2和pH值7.4时具有控释模式。流变学分析表明，合成的TG/β-CD/SA水凝胶微球的弹性优于粘性（G′> G′）。对HCT-116细胞系进行的细胞毒性评价表明，水凝胶具有良好的生物相容性（87.9%）。水凝胶微球在pH 7.4下的降解曲线显示完全降解（100%）。因此，TG/β-CD/SA水凝胶微球反映了其作为无毒、可降解和ph依赖性药物递送系统的潜力。图形抽象

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来源期刊

Journal of Polymers and the Environment 工程技术-高分子科学

CiteScore

9.50

自引率

7.50%

发文量

297

审稿时长

9 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Polymers and the Environment fills the need for an international forum in this diverse and rapidly expanding field. The journal serves a crucial role for the publication of information from a wide range of disciplines and is a central outlet for the publication of high-quality peer-reviewed original papers, review articles and short communications. The journal is intentionally interdisciplinary in regard to contributions and covers the following subjects - polymers, environmentally degradable polymers, and degradation pathways: biological, photochemical, oxidative and hydrolytic; new environmental materials: derived by chemical and biosynthetic routes; environmental blends and composites; developments in processing and reactive processing of environmental polymers; characterization of environmental materials: mechanical, physical, thermal, rheological, morphological, and others; recyclable polymers and plastics recycling environmental testing: in-laboratory simulations, outdoor exposures, and standardization of methodologies; environmental fate: end products and intermediates of biodegradation; microbiology and enzymology of polymer biodegradation; solid-waste management and public legislation specific to environmental polymers; and other related topics.