Assessment of Geothermal Energy in Aluto-Langano and Tulu-Moye, Central Ethiopia

Abstract

This study aims to identify the primary issues leading to the pause in geothermal energy development at Aluto-Langano and Tulu-Moye sites, while also exploring opportunities in new drilling wells and assessing compliance with occupational safety, health and environmental standards. The geothermal energy development status was evaluated through focus group discussions, site visits and field data collection. The Tulu-Moye Geothermal Operation (TMGO) project is underway to establish a power plant, with a phased development spanning 6 years targeting a total capacity of 150 MW, comprising 50 MW for Phase 1 and 100 MW for Phase 2, though with some constraints. The Aluto-I Geothermal Pilot Plant marked the initial efforts to produce electricity from geothermal sources but faced shutdown due to declining thermal energy in some wells, turbine corrosion, pentane leakage, frequent in efficiency of fans and instability of foundations. Consequently, Phase 2 of the project aims to integrate with Phase 1 wells to mitigate potential thermal energy losses. Geothermal energy development demands substantial initial investment but entails minimal ongoing costs and workforce requirements. Its eco-friendliness benefits communities, offering higher efficiency and lower maintenance compared to hydroelectricity. Leveraging Ethiopia's geothermal potential is crucial for electricity generation, mineral extraction, and water supply, with plans involving nationwide field expansion to enhance renewable energy capacity.