{"title":"Differentiated factor expression by chemical class in the concentration of ignitable liquid residue by dynamic vapor microextraction","authors":"Mary Gregg , Jennifer Berry , Kavita Jeerage","doi":"10.1016/j.forc.2024.100631","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ignitable liquids (IL) are complex mixtures whose chromatographic profiles may vary considerably across chemical compound classes. Dynamic vapor microextraction (DVME) is an emerging technique with potential application for extracting and concentrating IL from fire debris. A previous study assessed the effects of 11 instrumental and debris factors on DVME performance by collecting chromatographic data from a designed experiment, but did not investigate whether factor effects had differential expression within individual chemical classes. In this study, that experimental data is reanalyzed to assess factor effects individually in each of five chemical classes relevant to IL identification (alkanes, cycloalkanes & alkenes, aromatic-alkylbenzenes, indanes, and polynuclear aromatics), and effects are compared to the results previously reported from the original analysis. Two new instrument settings (capillary vapor trap coating and temperature) are found to have significant class-specific effects, providing additional avenues of improving DVME performance, while the effect of collection volume is found to be discordant in one class (alkane) compared to all others. Effects from uncontrollable debris factors on DVME performance are also found to be partially mitigated in certain classes through optimal instrument settings, though “optimal” may depend on the sample being analyzed. This analysis offers new insight into DVME optimization and robustness, and provides a discussion on how experimental conclusions drawn from aggregate chromatographic data, without consideration of class-specific effects, may be incomplete.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":324,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Chemistry","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100631"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Forensic Chemistry","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468170924000833","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Ignitable liquids (IL) are complex mixtures whose chromatographic profiles may vary considerably across chemical compound classes. Dynamic vapor microextraction (DVME) is an emerging technique with potential application for extracting and concentrating IL from fire debris. A previous study assessed the effects of 11 instrumental and debris factors on DVME performance by collecting chromatographic data from a designed experiment, but did not investigate whether factor effects had differential expression within individual chemical classes. In this study, that experimental data is reanalyzed to assess factor effects individually in each of five chemical classes relevant to IL identification (alkanes, cycloalkanes & alkenes, aromatic-alkylbenzenes, indanes, and polynuclear aromatics), and effects are compared to the results previously reported from the original analysis. Two new instrument settings (capillary vapor trap coating and temperature) are found to have significant class-specific effects, providing additional avenues of improving DVME performance, while the effect of collection volume is found to be discordant in one class (alkane) compared to all others. Effects from uncontrollable debris factors on DVME performance are also found to be partially mitigated in certain classes through optimal instrument settings, though “optimal” may depend on the sample being analyzed. This analysis offers new insight into DVME optimization and robustness, and provides a discussion on how experimental conclusions drawn from aggregate chromatographic data, without consideration of class-specific effects, may be incomplete.
期刊介绍：
Forensic Chemistry publishes high quality manuscripts focusing on the theory, research and application of any chemical science to forensic analysis. The scope of the journal includes fundamental advancements that result in a better understanding of the evidentiary significance derived from the physical and chemical analysis of materials. The scope of Forensic Chemistry will also include the application and or development of any molecular and atomic spectrochemical technique, electrochemical techniques, sensors, surface characterization techniques, mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, chemometrics and statistics, and separation sciences (e.g. chromatography) that provide insight into the forensic analysis of materials. Evidential topics of interest to the journal include, but are not limited to, fingerprint analysis, drug analysis, ignitable liquid residue analysis, explosives detection and analysis, the characterization and comparison of trace evidence (glass, fibers, paints and polymers, tapes, soils and other materials), ink and paper analysis, gunshot residue analysis, synthetic pathways for drugs, toxicology and the analysis and chemistry associated with the components of fingermarks. The journal is particularly interested in receiving manuscripts that report advances in the forensic interpretation of chemical evidence. Technology Readiness Level: When submitting an article to Forensic Chemistry, all authors will be asked to self-assign a Technology Readiness Level (TRL) to their article. The purpose of the TRL system is to help readers understand the level of maturity of an idea or method, to help track the evolution of readiness of a given technique or method, and to help filter published articles by the expected ease of implementation in an operation setting within a crime lab.
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