{"title":"Sum frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy at surfaces and interfaces: Adsorbate structure and molecular bond orientation","authors":"Xia Li, Günther Rupprechter","doi":"10.1016/j.surfrep.2024.100645","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Infrared (IR)-visible (Vis) sum frequency generation (SFG) is a second-order nonlinear optical process which is forbidden in centrosymmetric bulk media or isotropic phases, but allowed at (open) surfaces or (buried) interfaces where the inversion symmetry is broken. SFG spectroscopy is thus inherently surface- or interface-specific, providing information about the structure, orientation, surface number density, chirality, and dynamics of molecules, provided the system of interest is accessible by light. This review illustrates basic SFG concepts, theory, operation modes (e.g., frequency-domain, broadband, homodyne/heterodyne, time-resolved), and recent extensions and developments of SFG (e.g., doubly resonant, plasmon-enhanced, chiral, microscopy). To illustrate the wide range of SFG applications, selected case studies discuss the characterization of molecular structure and bond orientation at solid-gas, solid-liquid, liquid-air, liquid-liquid, and solid-solid interfaces.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":434,"journal":{"name":"Surface Science Reports","volume":"79 4","pages":"Article 100645"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Surface Science Reports","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167572924000244","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Infrared (IR)-visible (Vis) sum frequency generation (SFG) is a second-order nonlinear optical process which is forbidden in centrosymmetric bulk media or isotropic phases, but allowed at (open) surfaces or (buried) interfaces where the inversion symmetry is broken. SFG spectroscopy is thus inherently surface- or interface-specific, providing information about the structure, orientation, surface number density, chirality, and dynamics of molecules, provided the system of interest is accessible by light. This review illustrates basic SFG concepts, theory, operation modes (e.g., frequency-domain, broadband, homodyne/heterodyne, time-resolved), and recent extensions and developments of SFG (e.g., doubly resonant, plasmon-enhanced, chiral, microscopy). To illustrate the wide range of SFG applications, selected case studies discuss the characterization of molecular structure and bond orientation at solid-gas, solid-liquid, liquid-air, liquid-liquid, and solid-solid interfaces.
期刊介绍：
Surface Science Reports is a journal that specializes in invited review papers on experimental and theoretical studies in the physics, chemistry, and pioneering applications of surfaces, interfaces, and nanostructures. The topics covered in the journal aim to contribute to a better understanding of the fundamental phenomena that occur on surfaces and interfaces, as well as the application of this knowledge to the development of materials, processes, and devices. In this journal, the term "surfaces" encompasses all interfaces between solids, liquids, polymers, biomaterials, nanostructures, soft matter, gases, and vacuum. Additionally, the journal includes reviews of experimental techniques and methods used to characterize surfaces and surface processes, such as those based on the interactions of photons, electrons, and ions with surfaces.
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