Mitigating distribution transformer loss of life through combined integration of rooftop solar photovoltaic installations and electric vehicle charging

Abstract

This study examines the relationship between rooftop solar photovoltaic (RTSPV) systems and electric vehicles (EVs) as they integrate into our power grid. Specifically, we focus on how EV charging affects the hot-spot temperature (HST) of oil-type distribution transformers (DTs) and the resulting loss of life (LOL) for these transformers, while considering different levels of RTSPV adoption in residential neighborhoods in India. Using a Monte Carlo algorithm, we simulate typical EV usage patterns and gather RTSPV data from a detailed survey of rooftop capacities in the Modi Ganpati area of Pune, which serves as our illustrative case study. Additionally, we analyze daily energy consumption profiles from the local utility to provide a comprehensive perspective. Our simulations, conducted with both MATLAB and Python, reveal that when EV charging aligns with RTSPV generation during the day, it can significantly reduce the LOL of distribution transformers. This finding presents a valuable opportunity for utilities to alleviate the pressure on their power supply systems, potentially delaying the need for costly upgrades or expansions to accommodate the increasing demands from the growing EV market.