Unveiling the ethnomedicinal potential of Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br.: A comprehensive review on phytochemistry, pharmacology and its applications

Abstract

The WHO reports that more than 85 % of people in developing countries rely on traditional medicine and use indigenous herbs for primary healthcare. These plant-based indigenous drugs are cheaper, safer and readily available in rural areas. Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br. has ethnomedicinal potential due to its active phytochemicals, has been an important constituent of Chinese medicine and is used as a remedy against various ailments. This review presents the findings of papers on the pharmacological potential of A. scholaris, highlighting the phytochemistry and pharmacological applications of its phytochemical ingredients. The literature from various databases including the research work done by the authors was screened. Both epidemiological and experimental studies indicate the potent action of its phyto-ingredients in respiratory, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and reproductive disorders in humans and animals. Systematic and mechanistic studies are further required to validate and enhance existing local use of its phyto-ingredients and give clues of potential remedies to fully exploit their benefits.