{"title":"Excellent ballistic performance of B4C/shear thickening fluid (STF)/ZnO aramid composite fabric","authors":"Xu Yaojie , Ma Yu , Zhang Hong , Huang Guangyan","doi":"10.1016/j.tws.2025.113011","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aramid fabrics (such as Twaron fabric) are widely used in flexible protective equipment due to their high strength and flexibility. Recent studies have shown that growing zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles on fiber surface can enhance the ballistic performance of single-layer fabrics. However, the enhancement effect on multi-layer fabrics is not ideal. This work proposes a new method of modifying aramid fabrics with Boron Carbide/STF/ZnO (BSZ). The mechanical and friction properties of BSZ modified fabrics increased first and then decreased with the increase of shear thickening fluid (STF) solid content. The thickness of BSZ fabric only increased by 6.7% compared with neat fabric. Compared with neat fabric and ZnO modified fabric, the ballistic limit velocity (<em>v</em><sub>bl</sub>) of single-layer BSZ fabric increased by 103.3% and 29.2%, respectively, and the areal density only increased by 7.1%. The <em>v</em><sub>bl</sub> of three-layer BSZ fabric increased by 77.8% and 36.4% compared with neat and ZnO modified fabric, respectively. The enhanced protection of BSZ fabric can be attributed to friction gain, mechanical interlocking, stacking effect, and stress dispersion effect of nanoparticles. The discrepancy between numerical and experimental results was within 10%. The failure characteristics of the fabric in numerical simulation was highly consistent with the results in experiment, further indicating that BSZ modification improved the ballistic performance of the fabric by enhancing the inter-yarn friction, tensile properties, and particle diversity of the fabric.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49435,"journal":{"name":"Thin-Walled Structures","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 113011"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Thin-Walled Structures","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0263823125001053","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, CIVIL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Aramid fabrics (such as Twaron fabric) are widely used in flexible protective equipment due to their high strength and flexibility. Recent studies have shown that growing zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles on fiber surface can enhance the ballistic performance of single-layer fabrics. However, the enhancement effect on multi-layer fabrics is not ideal. This work proposes a new method of modifying aramid fabrics with Boron Carbide/STF/ZnO (BSZ). The mechanical and friction properties of BSZ modified fabrics increased first and then decreased with the increase of shear thickening fluid (STF) solid content. The thickness of BSZ fabric only increased by 6.7% compared with neat fabric. Compared with neat fabric and ZnO modified fabric, the ballistic limit velocity (vbl) of single-layer BSZ fabric increased by 103.3% and 29.2%, respectively, and the areal density only increased by 7.1%. The vbl of three-layer BSZ fabric increased by 77.8% and 36.4% compared with neat and ZnO modified fabric, respectively. The enhanced protection of BSZ fabric can be attributed to friction gain, mechanical interlocking, stacking effect, and stress dispersion effect of nanoparticles. The discrepancy between numerical and experimental results was within 10%. The failure characteristics of the fabric in numerical simulation was highly consistent with the results in experiment, further indicating that BSZ modification improved the ballistic performance of the fabric by enhancing the inter-yarn friction, tensile properties, and particle diversity of the fabric.
期刊介绍：
Thin-walled structures comprises an important and growing proportion of engineering construction with areas of application becoming increasingly diverse, ranging from aircraft, bridges, ships and oil rigs to storage vessels, industrial buildings and warehouses.
Many factors, including cost and weight economy, new materials and processes and the growth of powerful methods of analysis have contributed to this growth, and led to the need for a journal which concentrates specifically on structures in which problems arise due to the thinness of the walls. This field includes cold– formed sections, plate and shell structures, reinforced plastics structures and aluminium structures, and is of importance in many branches of engineering.
The primary criterion for consideration of papers in Thin–Walled Structures is that they must be concerned with thin–walled structures or the basic problems inherent in thin–walled structures. Provided this criterion is satisfied no restriction is placed on the type of construction, material or field of application. Papers on theory, experiment, design, etc., are published and it is expected that many papers will contain aspects of all three.
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