Haiwei Ni, Zachary J Reitman, Wei Zou, Md Naushad Akhtar, Ritama Paul, Menggui Huang, Duo Zhang, Hao Zheng, Ruitao Zhang, Ruiying Ma, Gina Ngo, Lin Zhang, Eric S Diffenderfer, S Azar Oliaei Motlagh, Michele M Kim, Andy J Minn, Jay F Dorsey, Jessica B Foster, James Metz, Constantinos Koumenis, David G Kirsch, Yanqing Gong, Yi Fan
{"title":"FLASH radiation reprograms lipid metabolism and macrophage immunity and sensitizes medulloblastoma to CAR-T cell therapy.","authors":"Haiwei Ni, Zachary J Reitman, Wei Zou, Md Naushad Akhtar, Ritama Paul, Menggui Huang, Duo Zhang, Hao Zheng, Ruitao Zhang, Ruiying Ma, Gina Ngo, Lin Zhang, Eric S Diffenderfer, S Azar Oliaei Motlagh, Michele M Kim, Andy J Minn, Jay F Dorsey, Jessica B Foster, James Metz, Constantinos Koumenis, David G Kirsch, Yanqing Gong, Yi Fan","doi":"10.1038/s43018-025-00905-6","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>FLASH radiotherapy holds promise for treating solid tumors given the potential lower toxicity in normal tissues but its therapeutic effects on tumor immunity remain largely unknown. Using a genetically engineered mouse model of medulloblastoma, we show that FLASH radiation stimulates proinflammatory polarization in tumor macrophages. Single-cell transcriptome analysis shows that FLASH proton beam radiation skews macrophages toward proinflammatory phenotypes and increases T cell infiltration. Furthermore, FLASH radiation reduces peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) and arginase 1 expression and inhibits immunosuppressive macrophage polarization under stimulus-inducible conditions. Mechanistically, FLASH radiation abrogates lipid oxidase expression and oxidized low-density lipid generation to reduce PPARγ activity, while standard radiation induces reactive oxygen species-dependent PPARγ activation in macrophages. Notably, FLASH radiotherapy improves infiltration and activation of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells and sensitizes medulloblastoma to GD2 CAR-T cell therapy. Thus, FLASH radiotherapy reprograms macrophage lipid metabolism to reverse tumor immunosuppression. Combination FLASH-CAR radioimmunotherapy may offer exciting opportunities for solid tumor treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":18885,"journal":{"name":"Nature cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":23.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Nature cancer","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43018-025-00905-6","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ONCOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
FLASH radiotherapy holds promise for treating solid tumors given the potential lower toxicity in normal tissues but its therapeutic effects on tumor immunity remain largely unknown. Using a genetically engineered mouse model of medulloblastoma, we show that FLASH radiation stimulates proinflammatory polarization in tumor macrophages. Single-cell transcriptome analysis shows that FLASH proton beam radiation skews macrophages toward proinflammatory phenotypes and increases T cell infiltration. Furthermore, FLASH radiation reduces peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) and arginase 1 expression and inhibits immunosuppressive macrophage polarization under stimulus-inducible conditions. Mechanistically, FLASH radiation abrogates lipid oxidase expression and oxidized low-density lipid generation to reduce PPARγ activity, while standard radiation induces reactive oxygen species-dependent PPARγ activation in macrophages. Notably, FLASH radiotherapy improves infiltration and activation of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells and sensitizes medulloblastoma to GD2 CAR-T cell therapy. Thus, FLASH radiotherapy reprograms macrophage lipid metabolism to reverse tumor immunosuppression. Combination FLASH-CAR radioimmunotherapy may offer exciting opportunities for solid tumor treatment.
期刊介绍:
Cancer is a devastating disease responsible for millions of deaths worldwide. However, many of these deaths could be prevented with improved prevention and treatment strategies. To achieve this, it is crucial to focus on accurate diagnosis, effective treatment methods, and understanding the socioeconomic factors that influence cancer rates.
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