Behavioral changes as a presentation of Lafora disease in a beagle

Abstract

This case report describes the behavioral presentation of Lafora disease (LD), an inherited, progressive myoclonic epilepsy, in a middle-aged female beagle. The initial presentation, progression, diagnostics, and disease management challenges are described. The initial fears relayed by the caregiver pertained to the behavioral changes and cognitive impairment, eclipsing any concern relating to the clinical hallmark of LD, the myoclonic seizure. Lafora disease should, therefore, be considered a potential differential diagnosis in patients with sudden behavioral changes such as phobic and fearful behaviors, anxious behaviors, hallucinations, photosensitivity, and noise sensitivity, especially in overrepresented breeds. This report highlights the potential for variation in the clinical manifestation of this neurodegenerative disorder and emphasises the need for an interdisciplinary approach throughout the diagnosis, treatment and monitoring process.