Postpartum choriocarcinoma complicated by uterine perforation: A case report and literature review

Abstract

Choriocarcinoma is a rare, aggressive gestational trophoblastic disorder with metastatic potential, often presenting with abnormal bleeding and increasing levels of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (b-hCG). Diagnosis is confirmed through histopathologic examination after curettage, and treatment typically involves stage-dependent chemotherapy. This case report concerns a 25-year-old woman with heavy postpartum bleeding, later diagnosed with choriocarcinoma. Despite initial single-agent chemotherapy, disease progression led to uterine perforation and hemoperitoneum, requiring emergency surgery. Following recovery, multi-agent chemotherapy resolved her symptoms. Choriocarcinoma's rarity and varied presentation make diagnosis challenging, with lung metastases common. Levels of b-hCG indicate treatment response, and prompt management combining chemotherapy, monitoring, and surgery is crucial for positive outcomes.