Psychological Experiences of Primary Caregivers of Adolescent and Young Adult Patients Who Lived Through a Suicide Attempt by Poisoning in the Emergency Department: A Qualitative Study

Abstract

Introduction

The aim of this study is to gain an in-depth understanding of the psychological experiences and emotions of primary caregivers of adolescent and young adult patients who have non-fatal suicidal behavior by poisoning. The findings will serve as a valuable resource for clinical nurses, enabling them to effectively implement psychological interventions, develop family intervention strategies, and enhance home care services.

Methods

A total of 11 caregivers of adolescent and young adult patients who lived through a suicide attempt by poisoning were deliberately chosen through purposive sampling from the emergency department of a tertiary hospital in Nanjing from October 2023 to April 2024. The study employed qualitative descriptive methodologies to conduct in-depth interviews with the primary caregivers. The data underwent analysis, organization, and the extraction of themes utilizing Colaizzi's 7-step analytical approach.

Results

The psychological experiences and emotions of primary caregivers of adolescent and young adult patients who lived through a suicide attempt by poisoning can be categorized into 4 overarching themes: (1) Intricate cognitive processes and intense emotional distress experienced before and following the patient’s revival. (2) Adverse emotional encounters resulting from intense pressure and societal disapproval. (3) Adaptation and strategies for dealing with challenges. (4) The necessity for expert psychological counseling.

Discussion

Nurses should prioritize the psychological well-being of primary caregivers of adolescent and young adult patients who have lived through suicide attempts by poisoning. To enhance the effectiveness of intervention strategies and promote caregivers' psychological well-being, it is essential to use a multidisciplinary strategy encompassing various disciplines and providing guidance on emotional regulation.