Disparities in Pedestrian and Cyclist Crashes by Social Vulnerability Across South Carolina.

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Journal of physical activity & health Pub Date : 2025-02-07 Print Date: 2025-05-01 DOI:10.1123/jpah.2024-0552

Shirelle H Hallum, Anna L Chupak, Kelsey M Thomas, Erin N Looney, Eleanor Witherspoon, Nathan H Huynh, Andrew T Kaczynski

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Abstract

Background: Little crash equity research has controlled for active transportation rates, examined the Southeastern United States, or used composite sociodemographic metrics. This study analyzed disparities in pedestrian and cyclist crashes and crash severity according to level of social vulnerability (SV) across South Carolina.

Methods: Data about SV and its 4 dimensions (socioeconomic status, household composition and disability, minority status and language, and housing type and transportation) were compiled for all census tracts (N = 1103) within South Carolina. Data for all crashes involving a pedestrian (n = 10,688) and/or cyclist (n = 4802) from 2011 to 2021 were obtained from the South Carolina Department of Transportation and geocoded to the respective census tract. Total average pedestrian and cyclist crash severity (Equivalent Property Damage Only) were also calculated for each tract. Crash frequency and severity scores were adjusted using the average number of walking and cycling trips in the census tract per year using StreetLight Data. Mixed-model linear regression analyzed the relationships between overall SV and the 4 SV dimensions and 4 crash measures-pedestrian and cyclist frequency and severity. Stratified analyses were conducted for urban and rural tracts.

Results: Overall SV was positively and significantly associated with all 4 crash outcomes in urban areas: pedestrian crashes per trip (B = 0.048, SE = 0.012, P < .001), pedestrian crash severity per trip (B = 9.018, SE = 2.516, P < .001), cyclist crashes per trip (B = 0.093, SE = 0.029, P < .01), and cyclist crash severity per trip (B = 16.370, SE = 5.482, P < .01). In urban areas, greater SV was associated with more severe pedestrian and cyclist crash outcomes.

Conclusions: Targeted policy and programmatic and infrastructure interventions are needed to improve active transportation safety and public health.

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南卡罗莱纳行人和骑自行车的人在社会脆弱性方面的差异。

背景：很少有撞车公平研究控制了主动运输率，检查了美国东南部，或使用复合社会人口统计指标。本研究根据南卡罗莱纳的社会脆弱性（SV）水平分析了行人和骑自行车的碰撞和碰撞严重程度的差异。方法：对南卡罗莱纳州所有人口普查区（N = 1103）的SV及其4个维度（社会经济地位、家庭组成和残疾、少数民族身份和语言、住房类型和交通）进行数据汇编。从2011年到2021年，所有涉及行人（n = 10688）和/或骑自行车的人（n = 4802）的车祸数据都是从南卡罗来纳州交通部获得的，并在各自的人口普查区进行了地理编码。还计算了每个路段的行人和骑自行车者碰撞严重程度（仅等效财产损失）。碰撞频率和严重程度分数是根据每年人口普查区步行和骑自行车的平均次数来调整的，使用的是路灯数据。混合模型线性回归分析了总体SV与4个SV维度和4个碰撞措施-行人和骑自行车的频率和严重程度之间的关系。对城市和农村地区进行了分层分析。结果：总体SV与城市地区的所有4种碰撞结局均呈显著正相关：行人每次旅行碰撞（B = 0.048, SE = 0.012, P < .001）、行人每次旅行碰撞严重程度（B = 9.018, SE = 2.516, P < .001）、骑自行车者每次旅行碰撞（B = 0.093, SE = 0.029, P < .01）和骑自行车者每次旅行碰撞严重程度（B = 16.370, SE = 5.482, P < .01）。在城市地区，更大的SV与更严重的行人和骑自行车的事故结果相关。结论：需要有针对性的政策、规划和基础设施干预措施来改善主动交通安全和公众健康。

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来源期刊

Journal of physical activity & health PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-

CiteScore

5.50

自引率

3.20%

发文量

100

期刊介绍： The Journal of Physical Activity and Health (JPAH) publishes original research and review papers examining the relationship between physical activity and health, studying physical activity as an exposure as well as an outcome. As an exposure, the journal publishes articles examining how physical activity influences all aspects of health. As an outcome, the journal invites papers that examine the behavioral, community, and environmental interventions that may affect physical activity on an individual and/or population basis. The JPAH is an interdisciplinary journal published for researchers in fields of chronic disease.