Concerns about haemolysis after oxygen-ozone therapy

IF 4.8 2区 医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY International immunopharmacology Pub Date : 2025-02-09 DOI:10.1016/j.intimp.2025.114191
Mauro Martinelli , Maurizio Maggiorotti , Concetta Roberta Costanzo , Rita Businaro
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Abstract

This letter provides a critical perspective on the recently published article “Haemolysis is a concerning bias in some ozone therapy approaches.” While acknowledging the importance of addressing potential haemolysis in oxygen-ozone therapy, we highlight key concerns regarding the lack of direct experimental evidence supporting the claimed association between glass containers and increased haemolysis. Additionally, we emphasize the reliance on in vitro studies without corroborating clinical data, which limits the generalizability of the conclusions. We also discuss the transparency issues surrounding the SIOOT guidelines, which are frequently referenced but not publicly accessible, restricting independent validation. Finally, we challenge the assertion that haemolysis is a major side effect of systemic oxygen-ozone therapy, noting that the current literature does not substantiate this claim. We advocate for a more rigorous, evidence-based approach to ensure transparency, completeness of data, and validation of scientific assertions, ultimately contributing to the safe and effective application of oxygen-ozone therapy.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
8.40
自引率
3.60%
发文量
935
审稿时长
53 days
期刊介绍: International Immunopharmacology is the primary vehicle for the publication of original research papers pertinent to the overlapping areas of immunology, pharmacology, cytokine biology, immunotherapy, immunopathology and immunotoxicology. Review articles that encompass these subjects are also welcome. The subject material appropriate for submission includes: • Clinical studies employing immunotherapy of any type including the use of: bacterial and chemical agents; thymic hormones, interferon, lymphokines, etc., in transplantation and diseases such as cancer, immunodeficiency, chronic infection and allergic, inflammatory or autoimmune disorders. • Studies on the mechanisms of action of these agents for specific parameters of immune competence as well as the overall clinical state. • Pre-clinical animal studies and in vitro studies on mechanisms of action with immunopotentiators, immunomodulators, immunoadjuvants and other pharmacological agents active on cells participating in immune or allergic responses. • Pharmacological compounds, microbial products and toxicological agents that affect the lymphoid system, and their mechanisms of action. • Agents that activate genes or modify transcription and translation within the immune response. • Substances activated, generated, or released through immunologic or related pathways that are pharmacologically active. • Production, function and regulation of cytokines and their receptors. • Classical pharmacological studies on the effects of chemokines and bioactive factors released during immunological reactions.
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