Cost-Effectiveness of a Digitally Supported Care Management Program for Caregivers of People With Dementia

Abstract

Objectives

To examine the cost-effectiveness of a digitally supported care management system (CMS) for caregivers of people with dementia (PwD) compared with usual care.

Methods

The analysis was based on 192 caregivers (n = 96 CMS, n = 96 usual care) of PwD in a cluster-randomized controlled trial testing a digitally supported CMS, aiming to identify and address caregivers’ unmet needs and develop and implement an individualized support and care plan over 6 months. Incremental costs from the public-payer and societal perspectives, quality-adjusted life years (QALY), and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio 6 months after baseline were calculated using multivariate regression models. We assessed the probability of cost-effectiveness using a range of willingness-to-pay thresholds.

Results

Caregivers in the intervention group gained QALYs (+0.004 [95% CI −0.003 to 0.012], P value = .225) and had lower costs from the public payer (−378€ [1926-1168], P value = .630), but higher costs from the societal perspective (+1324 [−3634 to 6284], P value = .599). The intervention dominated usual care from the payer perspective, whereas the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was €331 000/QALY from a societal perspective. The probability of cost-effectiveness was 72% and 79% from the public payer and 33% and 35% from a societal perspective at the willingness-to-pay thresholds threshold of €40 000 and €80 000/QALY gained.

Conclusions

CMS was likely cost-effective from the payer but not from a societal perspective, underlining the importance of informal care. The gain in QALY was marginal and could be due to the short observation period. Focusing on both the caregiver and the PwD, rather than assessing the PwD needs through the caregiver, could improve the cost-effectiveness results.