Chestnut flower extract as a natural inhibitor of Fusarium graminearum: antifungal activity and mechanisms

IF 3.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY Pest Management Science Pub Date : 2025-02-10 DOI:10.1002/ps.8708

Qiaoling Xie, Fei Peng, Xiuping Wang, Bin Du, Yuedong Yang

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Abstract

BACKGROUND

Plant pathogenic fungi are a major contributor to reductions in crop yield and quality, posing significant challenges to global food security. The extensive application of chemical fungicides has led to the development of resistance in pathogenic fungi and the accumulation of harmful residues, which threaten environmental sustainability and human health. Plant-derived fungicides, with low toxicity and broad-spectrum activity, offer an eco-friendly alternative to synthetic chemicals.

RESULTS

This study evaluated the antifungal activity of chestnut flower extract (CFE) against Fusarium graminearum (FG) and investigated its underlying mechanisms through cellular and transcriptomic analyses. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC–MS) identified phenolic acids and flavonoids as the primary active constituents of CFE. CFE inhibited mycelial growth and spore germination with median effective concentration (EC₅₀) values of 2.51 and 0.39 mg mL⁻¹, respectively. It disrupted biofilm integrity and membrane permeability by reducing ergosterol content, increasing extracellular conductivity, and affecting malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Protein and nucleic acid leakage were observed. Additionally, CFE inhibited energy metabolism by reducing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels and suppressing the activities of key respiratory enzymes, including succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) dehydrogenase. Transcriptomic analysis further revealed that CFE affected multiple biological processes in FG, including cell structure, protein synthesis, ion transport and mitochondrial function.

CONCLUSION

The chestnut flower contains active antibacterial ingredients that exhibit targeted inhibition of FG, thereby providing theoretical and technical support for the development of natural antibacterial agents with specific targeting capabilities. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.

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来源期刊

Pest Management Science 农林科学-昆虫学

CiteScore

7.90

自引率

9.80%

发文量

553

审稿时长

4.8 months

期刊介绍： Pest Management Science is the international journal of research and development in crop protection and pest control. Since its launch in 1970, the journal has become the premier forum for papers on the discovery, application, and impact on the environment of products and strategies designed for pest management. Published for SCI by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.