Advanced genomic research in understanding fish-borne zoonotic parasitic infection

Abstract

Fish-borne zoonotic parasites pose substantial risks to human health and global aquaculture, primarily through raw or undercooked fish consumption. The rapid expansion of aquaculture, increasing global fish trade, and rising human populations have amplified these concerns. Despite widespread awareness of meat-borne zoonoses, fish-borne parasitic infections remain underrecognized, especially in developed countries. Traditional morphological and molecular methods have provided critical foundations for studying these parasites, yet recent genomic advances have revolutionized our understanding of their genetic diversity, biology, and host-pathogen dynamics. This review underscores the significance of integrating genomic approaches with conventional methods to enhance disease surveillance, risk assessment, and control strategies. Harnessing genomic tools will enable the development of effective interventions to mitigate zoonotic parasite impacts, protect human health, and promote sustainable aquaculture. A comprehensive, genomics-driven approach is essential to overcoming the global challenges of fish-borne zoonotic infections.