Effect of Variable Gravity Field on Dual Component Convection in a Couple Stress Fluid Saturated Anisotropic Porous Layer With Temperature-Dependent Heat Source

Abstract

This study examines how gravity fluctuations, the couple stress parameter, anisotropic parameters, and heat source collectively influence dual-component convection in the porous layer. The linear analysis is conducted utilizing the normal mode technique. The authors proposed three categories of gravity fluctuation, namely: (a) linear, (b) parabolic, and (c) exponential. Expressions for both stationary and oscillatory Rayleigh numbers are derived using the Galerkin approach. Neutral stability curves for both stationary and oscillatory modes are analyzed, with graphical representations to show the effects of various stability parameters, including gravity fluctuations, couple stress, anisotropy, and heat source. The results show that the mechanical anisotropy parameter and Vadasz number lead to system destabilization, while the couple stress parameter, Lewis number, gravity parameter, solute Rayleigh number, and thermal anisotropy parameter help to stabilize the system. Furthermore, the system is more stable with exponential gravity fluctuations and less stable with parabolic gravity fluctuations. This finding offers insights into thermal convective instability in porous media, impacting applications in geoscience, engineering, and environmental science.