{"title":"Novel methods for genetic transformation of watermelon (<i>Citrullus lanatus</i>) without tissue culture via <i>Agrobacterium rhizogenes</i>.","authors":"Yige Gu, Yuanyuan Qin, Shengqi Hua, Jiale Shi, Congji Yang, Yuqi Peng, Lili Zhu, Wei Dong","doi":"10.1007/s11032-025-01544-6","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Factors that restrict the development of genetic transformation include the long cycle, extensive requirements for experimental conditions, and low survival and transformation rates. Especially for plants that obtain offspring through sexual reproduction. This study established the genetic transformation methods that are particularly suitable for it. First, a rapid <i>in vivo transformation</i> system of adventitious roots was developed using <i>A. rhizogenes</i> to infect normally growing watermelon stem nodes without requiring plant treatment, enabling the stable genetic transformation of adventitious roots. And the genetic transformation efficiency of adventitious roots reaches 100%. Second, the traditional genetic transformation system was improved using <i>A. rhizogenes</i> which induces rooting of explants and promotes the regeneration of adventitious buds. The genetic transformation efficiency of adventitious roots reaches 100% and adventitious buds reaches 40%, which is much higher than using <i>A. tumefaciens.</i> Third, in order to achieve shorten the regeneration cycle and high transformation efficiency, the genetic transformation method without tissue culture was established using <i>A. rhizogenes</i> to infect the seed. This genetic transformation efficiency of transgenic plants reaches 80%, and it is not limited by genotype. This study significantly improves the plant regeneration and low genetic transformation efficiency while promoting the rapid development of watermelon molecular breeding.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-025-01544-6.</p>","PeriodicalId":18769,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Breeding","volume":"45 2","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6000,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11799455/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Molecular Breeding","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-025-01544-6","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/2/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"AGRONOMY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Factors that restrict the development of genetic transformation include the long cycle, extensive requirements for experimental conditions, and low survival and transformation rates. Especially for plants that obtain offspring through sexual reproduction. This study established the genetic transformation methods that are particularly suitable for it. First, a rapid in vivo transformation system of adventitious roots was developed using A. rhizogenes to infect normally growing watermelon stem nodes without requiring plant treatment, enabling the stable genetic transformation of adventitious roots. And the genetic transformation efficiency of adventitious roots reaches 100%. Second, the traditional genetic transformation system was improved using A. rhizogenes which induces rooting of explants and promotes the regeneration of adventitious buds. The genetic transformation efficiency of adventitious roots reaches 100% and adventitious buds reaches 40%, which is much higher than using A. tumefaciens. Third, in order to achieve shorten the regeneration cycle and high transformation efficiency, the genetic transformation method without tissue culture was established using A. rhizogenes to infect the seed. This genetic transformation efficiency of transgenic plants reaches 80%, and it is not limited by genotype. This study significantly improves the plant regeneration and low genetic transformation efficiency while promoting the rapid development of watermelon molecular breeding.
Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-025-01544-6.
期刊介绍：
Molecular Breeding is an international journal publishing papers on applications of plant molecular biology, i.e., research most likely leading to practical applications. The practical applications might relate to the Developing as well as the industrialised World and have demonstrable benefits for the seed industry, farmers, processing industry, the environment and the consumer.
All papers published should contribute to the understanding and progress of modern plant breeding, encompassing the scientific disciplines of molecular biology, biochemistry, genetics, physiology, pathology, plant breeding, and ecology among others.
Molecular Breeding welcomes the following categories of papers: full papers, short communications, papers describing novel methods and review papers. All submission will be subject to peer review ensuring the highest possible scientific quality standards.
Molecular Breeding core areas:
Molecular Breeding will consider manuscripts describing contemporary methods of molecular genetics and genomic analysis, structural and functional genomics in crops, proteomics and metabolic profiling, abiotic stress and field evaluation of transgenic crops containing particular traits. Manuscripts on marker assisted breeding are also of major interest, in particular novel approaches and new results of marker assisted breeding, QTL cloning, integration of conventional and marker assisted breeding, and QTL studies in crop plants.
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