Effect of intravitreal Bevacizumab on coagulation profile of patients with diabetic retinopathy.

Abstract

Objectives: Intravitreal injections of Bevacizumab are widely used all over the world to treat Diabetic Retinopathy. However, there are thromboembolic events reported with its use. As blood coagulation is related with thromboembolism, the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of intravitreal injection of Bevacizumab on the coagulation profile of diabetic patients.

Methods: It was a quasi-experimental study, conducted at Department of Ophthalmology, Lahore General Hospital from January 2023 to August 2023. Patients with treatment naïve proliferative DR and diabetic macular edema were included and those with renal disease, hypertensive retinopathy, chronic liver disease, ischemic heart disease, previous history of stroke, retinal vascular occlusion, any malignancy, history of using anti coagulants and aspirin and the patients who lost to follow up and did not complete the blood work up after injection were excluded. Patients' Prothrombin time, bleeding time, clotting time, international normalized ratio and activated partial thromboplastin time were checked before and one week after intravitreal injection of Bevacizumab. Paired t test was used for analysis and p < 0.05 was set for significance.

Results: There were 138 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria (92 males and 46 females). The mean age was 55±8 years. There was statistically insignificant difference between the coagulation profile before and after intravitreal injection of Bevacizumab.

Conclusion: Coagulation profile is not affected after one intravitreal injection of Bevacizumab. Other factors must be taken into account while injecting Bevacizumab in patients with history of thromboembolic events.