{"title":"Establishment of theoretical model and dynamic analysis of gear meshing force for the multi-gear driving system considering the effect of friction","authors":"He Bu, Jie Li, Jingbo Guo, Zhuyu Gao, Yuhang Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.engfailanal.2025.109382","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The coupling effect occurs in the force transmission between the pinions and the large gear ring in the multi-gear driving system. This interaction can easily lead to impacts and vibrations, resulting in wear and failure of the gear teeth, thereby threatening the operational safety of the entire gear system. In this paper, a theoretical model of meshing force of a multi-gear driving system considering friction is established based on the centralized parameter method, and a method to analyze the wear failure of gear teeth is proposed. Taking the shield machine main bearing multi-gear driving system as an example, the theoretical calculation of the time-varying meshing stiffness of the internal gears is carried out first. The theoretical value of the meshing force is calculated, and the relative error between it and the simulation value is calculated to be 2.95% by combining with the transient dynamics analysis. While the comparison verifies the correctness of the theoretical model of the proposed meshing force, the control threshold of the dynamic meshing force of the large gear ring is finally obtained as <span><math><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>39</mn><mo>×</mo><mn>1</mn><msup><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>5</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> N. The study shows that multiple drive units can lead to the coupling effect of the force on the large gear ring, and its service time is the key to determining the span of the system. An increase in the friction factor of the tooth surface will lead to shock and vibration in gear meshing, which will increase the wear of the gear teeth. Ensuring that the value of the meshing force is within the control threshold can make the drive system more stable. The method proposed in this study will guide the design, manufacture, and installation of multi-gear driving systems. It provides novel research insights and theoretical support for effectively preventing gear wear failure and has important engineering significance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11677,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Failure Analysis","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 109382"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Engineering Failure Analysis","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1350630725001232","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/2/11 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
The coupling effect occurs in the force transmission between the pinions and the large gear ring in the multi-gear driving system. This interaction can easily lead to impacts and vibrations, resulting in wear and failure of the gear teeth, thereby threatening the operational safety of the entire gear system. In this paper, a theoretical model of meshing force of a multi-gear driving system considering friction is established based on the centralized parameter method, and a method to analyze the wear failure of gear teeth is proposed. Taking the shield machine main bearing multi-gear driving system as an example, the theoretical calculation of the time-varying meshing stiffness of the internal gears is carried out first. The theoretical value of the meshing force is calculated, and the relative error between it and the simulation value is calculated to be 2.95% by combining with the transient dynamics analysis. While the comparison verifies the correctness of the theoretical model of the proposed meshing force, the control threshold of the dynamic meshing force of the large gear ring is finally obtained as N. The study shows that multiple drive units can lead to the coupling effect of the force on the large gear ring, and its service time is the key to determining the span of the system. An increase in the friction factor of the tooth surface will lead to shock and vibration in gear meshing, which will increase the wear of the gear teeth. Ensuring that the value of the meshing force is within the control threshold can make the drive system more stable. The method proposed in this study will guide the design, manufacture, and installation of multi-gear driving systems. It provides novel research insights and theoretical support for effectively preventing gear wear failure and has important engineering significance.
期刊介绍：
Engineering Failure Analysis publishes research papers describing the analysis of engineering failures and related studies.
Papers relating to the structure, properties and behaviour of engineering materials are encouraged, particularly those which also involve the detailed application of materials parameters to problems in engineering structures, components and design. In addition to the area of materials engineering, the interacting fields of mechanical, manufacturing, aeronautical, civil, chemical, corrosion and design engineering are considered relevant. Activity should be directed at analysing engineering failures and carrying out research to help reduce the incidences of failures and to extend the operating horizons of engineering materials.
Emphasis is placed on the mechanical properties of materials and their behaviour when influenced by structure, process and environment. Metallic, polymeric, ceramic and natural materials are all included and the application of these materials to real engineering situations should be emphasised. The use of a case-study based approach is also encouraged.
Engineering Failure Analysis provides essential reference material and critical feedback into the design process thereby contributing to the prevention of engineering failures in the future. All submissions will be subject to peer review from leading experts in the field.
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