Emerging brain organoids: 3D models to decipher, identify and revolutionize brain

IF 18 1区医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Bioactive Materials Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI:10.1016/j.bioactmat.2025.01.025

Yuli Zhao , Ting Wang , Jiajun Liu , Ze Wang , Yuan Lu

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Abstract

Brain organoids are an emerging in vitro 3D brain model that is integrated from pluripotent stem cells. This model mimics the human brain’s developmental process and disease-related phenotypes to a certain extent while advancing the development of human brain-based biological intelligence. However, many limitations of brain organoid culture (e.g., lacking a functional vascular system, etc.) prevent in vitro-cultured organoids from truly replicating the human brain in terms of cell type and structure. To improve brain organoids' scalability, efficiency, and stability, this paper discusses important contributions of material biology and microprocessing technology in solving the related limitations of brain organoids and applying the latest imaging technology to make real-time imaging of brain organoids possible. In addition, the related applications of brain organoids, especially the development of organoid intelligence combined with artificial intelligence, are analyzed, which will help accelerate the rational design and guidance of brain organoids.

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新兴脑类器官：3D模型破译，识别和革命性的大脑

脑类器官是一种新兴的体外3D脑模型，由多能干细胞整合而成。该模型在一定程度上模拟了人脑的发育过程和疾病相关表型，同时推进了基于人脑的生物智能的开发。然而，脑类器官培养的许多局限性（例如，缺乏功能性血管系统等）阻碍了体外培养的类器官在细胞类型和结构方面真正复制人脑。为了提高类脑器官的可扩展性、效率和稳定性，本文讨论了材料生物学和微处理技术在解决类脑器官的相关局限性以及应用最新成像技术使类脑器官实时成像成为可能方面的重要贡献。此外，还分析了类脑器官的相关应用，特别是类脑器官智能与人工智能相结合的发展，有助于加快类脑器官的合理设计和指导。

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来源期刊

Bioactive Materials Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Biotechnology

CiteScore

28.00

自引率

6.30%

发文量

436

审稿时长

20 days

期刊介绍： Bioactive Materials is a peer-reviewed research publication that focuses on advancements in bioactive materials. The journal accepts research papers, reviews, and rapid communications in the field of next-generation biomaterials that interact with cells, tissues, and organs in various living organisms. The primary goal of Bioactive Materials is to promote the science and engineering of biomaterials that exhibit adaptiveness to the biological environment. These materials are specifically designed to stimulate or direct appropriate cell and tissue responses or regulate interactions with microorganisms. The journal covers a wide range of bioactive materials, including those that are engineered or designed in terms of their physical form (e.g. particulate, fiber), topology (e.g. porosity, surface roughness), or dimensions (ranging from macro to nano-scales). Contributions are sought from the following categories of bioactive materials: Bioactive metals and alloys Bioactive inorganics: ceramics, glasses, and carbon-based materials Bioactive polymers and gels Bioactive materials derived from natural sources Bioactive composites These materials find applications in human and veterinary medicine, such as implants, tissue engineering scaffolds, cell/drug/gene carriers, as well as imaging and sensing devices.