Nrf2 signaling pathway studies in Drosophila melanogaster: parallel roles in human health and insect environmental responses.

Abstract

The Nrf2 signalling pathway is crucial for cellular defense against oxidative stress and xenobiotic toxicity, highlighting its importance in both human health and environmental responses.This review focuses on the dual role of Drosophila melanogaster in Nrf2 research: we utilised the PubMed database to collect and summarised research articles on fruit fly Nrf2 studies published in the past decade, using keywords such as 'Nrf2', 'CncC', and 'Drosophila'.We found that Drosophila melanogaster, as a classical model organism for studying human diseases such as neurodegenerative disorders, cancers, and diabetes, and as an insect model for investigating xenobiotic responses and pesticide resistance, is particularly well-suited for exploring the diverse and complex functions of Nrf2 pathway.Additionally, Natural products such as curcumin and quercetin can modulate Nrf2 activity for cytoprotection. Utilising D. melanogaster's genetic tools and short life cycles, researchers can discover new therapeutics and study their mechanisms.This twofold exploration not only advances our understanding of Nrf2 in human health but also provides insights into pest control strategies through enhanced insect resistance mechanisms. Continued research in this area is essential for developing innovative treatments and effective pest management approaches.