In-situ formation of deep eutectic supramolecule based extraction method coupled to valve switching ion chromatography mass spectrometry for the determination of aminoglycosides in meat

Abstract

A novel extraction methodology was developed for extracting nine aminoglycosides (AGs) from meats based on the in-situ formation of deep eutectic supramolecule between analytes and gallic acid. Good chromatographic separation was achieved on a cation-exchange column utilizing solely a diluted organic acid as the eluent. A matrix-switching system was created to divert common inorganic cations from the column effluent to waste, reducing conductance peak values by 99.8 % and mitigating ion suppression in high-resolution electrospray ionization. The methodology was validated and exhibited excellent linearity across a concentration range of 20–800 μg L⁻¹, with correlation coefficients (r) ranging from 0.9982 to 0.9997. The limits of detection and quantification were in the range of 7.1–13.8 μg kg⁻¹ and 22.8–44.0 μg kg⁻¹, respectively. The method was applied to the analysis of nine AGs in forty-five samples, attaining recovery values ranging from 89.1 % to 102.1 % with relative standard deviations of 1.9 %-6.4 %. The study provides a reliable procedure that complies with the requirements of the EU's official methods of analysis for identifying and quantifying the restricted and prohibited substances. The method simplifies operations and shortens extraction times by ingeniously integrating various techniques. It also eliminates the need for toxic reagents and streamlines operations compared to the conventional liquid chromatography. The results showed that IC-MS is a convenient and selective complementary approach to other modes of chromatography for determining multiple AGs in complex samples.