Multi-layered electrode constructs for neural tissue engineering†

Abstract

Although neural tissue engineering holds great therapeutic potential for multiple clinical applications, one important challenge is the development of scaffolds that provide cues required for neural tissue development. To achieve this, biomaterial systems can be leveraged to present appropriate biological, mechanical, topographical and electrical cues that could direct cell fate. In this study, a multi-layered electrode construct was engineered to be used as a platform for 3D cell encapsulation for in vitro applications. The first layer is a conductive hydrogel coating, that improves electrical conductivity from the underlying platinum electrode. The second layer is a biosynthetic hydrogel, specifically tailored to support neural development. This layered electrode construct was electrochemically characterised, and a numerical model was applied to study electrical stimuli reaching the biosynthetic hydrogel layer. The construct was shown to effectively support the growth and proliferation of encapsulated astrocytes within the biosynthetic layer, while the numerical model will enable computational experimentation for benchmarking and study validation. This highly versatile system represents a robust tool to study the influence of electrical stimuli on neural fate, as well as investigating the development of biohybrid interfaces in vitro.