Selective Effects of Substantia Nigra and Locus Coeruleus Degeneration on Cognition in Parkinson's Disease.

IF 7.4 1区医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Movement Disorders Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI:10.1002/mds.30148

Sophie Sun, Victoria Madge, Jelena Djordjevic, Jean-François Gagnon, D Louis Collins, Alain Dagher, Madeleine Sharp

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Abstract

Background: The substantia nigra (SN) and locus coeruleus (LC) are among the first brain regions to degenerate in Parkinson's disease (PD). This has important implications for early cognitive deficits because these nuclei are sources of ascending neuromodulators (i.e., dopamine and noradrenaline) that support various cognitive functions such as learning, memory, and executive function.

Objective: Our aim was to investigate the selective and independent contributions of SN and LC degeneration to cognitive deficits in PD.

Methods: We ran a cross-sectional study testing patients with PD and older adults on tasks of positive reinforcement learning, attention/working memory, executive function, and memory to measure cognitive performance in domains thought to be related to dopaminergic and noradrenergic function. Participants also underwent neuromelanin-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging as a measure of degeneration.

Results: Reduced SN neuromelanin signal in PD was independently associated with impaired positive reinforcement learning (β = 0.41, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.08, 0.74) controlling for changes in the LC. In contrast, reduced LC neuromelanin signal was independently associated with impairments in attention/working memory (β = 0.20, 95% CI [-0.47, -0.10]) and executive function (β = 0.22, 95% CI: -0.57, -0.24), controlling for changes in the SN.

Conclusions: These results suggest that SN and LC degeneration may contribute to different cognitive deficits, potentially explaining the heterogeneity that exists in the cognitive manifestations of PD. These results also highlight the potential value of leveraging brain-behavior relationships to develop performance-based measures of cognition that could be used to characterize the phenotypic differences associated with underlying patterns of neurodegeneration. © 2025 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.

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来源期刊

Movement Disorders 医学-临床神经学

CiteScore

13.30

自引率

8.10%

发文量

371

审稿时长

12 months

期刊介绍： Movement Disorders publishes a variety of content types including Reviews, Viewpoints, Full Length Articles, Historical Reports, Brief Reports, and Letters. The journal considers original manuscripts on topics related to the diagnosis, therapeutics, pharmacology, biochemistry, physiology, etiology, genetics, and epidemiology of movement disorders. Appropriate topics include Parkinsonism, Chorea, Tremors, Dystonia, Myoclonus, Tics, Tardive Dyskinesia, Spasticity, and Ataxia.

期刊最新文献

Issue Information February Infographic Movement Disorders: Volume 40, Number 2, February 2025 To Trust or Not to Trust? ICD-Coded Diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease Self-Reported Motor and Nonmotor Symptoms, Prodromal Parkinson's Disease Probability, and Incident Parkinson's Disease in US Farmers.