The association between inflammatory indices in early pregnancy and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in Chinese population.

Abstract

Background: The association between inflammatory indices from peripheral blood cell in early pregnancy and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is unclear.

Methods: This was a retrospective study involving the medical data of 15,807 pregnant women who gave birth in 2019. Data were collected from the medical records and analyzed. The pregnant women's age, educational level, pre-pregnancy body weight, height, parity, family history of diabetes, lipid profile, blood pressure were recorded during 11 ~ 13^+ 6 pregnancy weeks. We collected and measured several easily accessible systemic inflammatory indices from peripheral blood cell count, including Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, MHR (monocyte count/HDL-C), SII (platelet count ×neutrophil count/lymphocyte count ) and SIRI (neutrophil count ×monocyte count/lymphocyte count), and we analyzed their association with the risk of developing GDM.

Results: In the present study, a total of 15,807 women were included, including 2,355 (14.9%) women diagnosed with GDM. Women who were diagnosed with GDM showed markedly lower level of monocyte count and higher level of neutrophil and lymphocyte counts. The GDM group showed relatively lower level of SIRI, while no significant differences were found between GDM group and non-GDM group in MHR or SII. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, we observed a significant association between monocyte counts, MHR and the risk of developing GDM, and the risk tended to decrease with increasing levels of monocyte counts and MHR.

Conclusion: The present study revealed that in early pregnancy, monocyte count and MHR have great potential as early diagnostic markers of GDM.